{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:34:40Z","timestamp":1792812880417,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Several intrinsic risk factors for lower extremity injuries have been proposed, including lack of proper knee and body control during landings and cutting manoeuvres, low muscular strength, reduced balance and increased ligament laxity, but there are still many unanswered questions. The overall aim of this research project is to investigate anatomical, biomechanical, neuromuscular, genetic and demographic risk factors for traumatic non-contact lower extremity injuries in young team sport athletes. Furthermore, the research project aims to develop clinically oriented screening tools for predicting future injury risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Young female and male players (n=508) from nine basketball teams, nine floorball teams, three ice hockey teams, and one volleyball team accepted the invitation to participate in this four-and-half-year prospective follow-up study. The players entered the study either in 2011, 2012 or 2013, and gave blood samples, performed physical tests and completed the baseline questionnaires. Following the start of screening tests, the players will be followed for sports injuries through December 2015. The primary outcome is a traumatic non-contact lower extremity injury. The secondary outcomes are other sports-related injuries. Injury risk is examined on the basis of anatomical, biomechanical, neuromuscular, genetic and other baseline factors. Univariate and multivariate regression models will be used to investigate association between investigated parameters and injury risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]],"date-time":"2015-12-11T23:18:37Z","timestamp":1449875917000},"page":"e000076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Predictors of lower extremity injuries in team sports (PROFITS-study): a study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Kati","family":"Pasanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko T","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Parkkari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ari","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Steffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grethe","family":"Myklebust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tron","family":"Krosshaug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommi","family":"Vasankari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Kannus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Injury and Osteoporosis Research Center, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Avela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juha-Pekka","family":"Kulmala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarmo","family":"Perttunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urho M","family":"Kujala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roald","family":"Bahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.1","unstructured":"Kansallinen liikuntatutkimus 2009\u20132010: lapset ja nuoret (National exercise survey 2009\u20132010: children and adolescents). 2010. http:\/\/www.sport.fi\/system\/resources\/W1siZiIsIjIwMTMvMTEvMjkvMTNfNDRfMzJfMjgwX0xpaWt1bnRhdHV0a2ltdXNfbnVvcmV0XzIwMDlfMjAxMC5wZGYiXV0\/Liikuntatutkimus_nuoret_2009_2010.pdf (accessed 10 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-17609"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2007.00640.x","article-title":"Injury risk in female floorball: a prospective one-season follow-up","volume":"18","author":"Pasanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270030401","article-title":"The incidence of injury in Texas High School Basketball. A prospective study among male and female athletes","volume":"27","author":"Messina","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508322893"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.6","first-page":"311","article-title":"Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention strategies","volume":"42","author":"Hootman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.7","first-page":"319","article-title":"A 7-year review of men's and women's ice hockey injuries in the NCAA","volume":"53","author":"Agel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2003.005785"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505284183"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1999.tb00247.x","article-title":"Long-term outcome of knee and ankle injuries in elite football","volume":"9","author":"Larsen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310063901","article-title":"Clinical, functional, and radiologic outcome in team handball players 6 to 11 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury. A follow up study","volume":"31","author":"Myklebust","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507307396"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199407000-00004"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-198401010-00002","article-title":"The predictability of sports injuries","volume":"1","author":"Lysens","year":"1984","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199214020-00002"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199009040-00002"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505279576"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.026609"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.021055"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670100228"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507313572"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511430198"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-44.3.249","article-title":"Sex differences and representative values for 6 lower extremity alignment measures","volume":"44","author":"McKeon","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199105000-00003","article-title":"Structural measures as predictors of injury in basketball players","volume":"23","author":"Shambaugh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.25","first-page":"155","article-title":"Assessment and evaluation of predisposing factors to anterior cruciate ligament injury","volume":"34","author":"Bonci","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900113"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2006.2244"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504269591"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00528.x"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.30","first-page":"96","article-title":"Neuromuscular training and the risk of leg injuries in female floorball players: cluster randomized controlled study","volume":"337","author":"Pasanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513518741"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507311598"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1998.tb00465.x","article-title":"Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)\u2014validation of a Swedish version","volume":"8","author":"Roos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X","article-title":"Standardised Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms","volume":"18","author":"Kuorinka","year":"1987","journal-title":"App Ergonomics."},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000096176.92881.37"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509338266"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056150"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.078287"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472043"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091370"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsb.5.2.238","article-title":"A method for obtaining three-dimensional data on ski jumping using pan and tilt cameras","volume":"5","author":"Yeadon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Sport Biomech"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.67B5.4055873","article-title":"The significance of the trendelenburg test","volume":"67","author":"Hardcastle","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31829efcf7"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e318149332d"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1999.29.1.39"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1999.29.1.49"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2011.01405.x"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2115-2"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31816359f2"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/00008526-199801020-00003","article-title":"Genu recurvatum: idendification of three distinct mechanical profiles","volume":"10","author":"Fish","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Prosthet Orthot"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.32.1.68"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.447","article-title":"Reliability of the modified Thomas test using a lumbo pelvic stabilization","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274060-00003","article-title":"Clinical determination of femoral anteversion: a comparison with established techniques","volume":"74","author":"Ruwe","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.32.5.413"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.55","first-page":"281","article-title":"Intrarater and interrater reliability of the Beighton and Horan joint mobility index","volume":"38","author":"Boyle","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.27.5.356","article-title":"The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance","volume":"27","author":"Kinzey","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Ortop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.57","first-page":"251","article-title":"The independent and interactive effects of navicular drop and quadriceps angle on neuromuscular responses to a weight-bearing perturbation","volume":"41","author":"Shultz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.37.5.384"},{"key":"2025083109345056000_1.1.e000076.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0136-8"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000076","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T16:35:04Z","timestamp":1756658104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopensem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000076","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7647"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7647","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}}}