{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:26:18Z","timestamp":1761017178988,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tennis elbow is an overuse injury affecting people performing repetitive forearm movements. It is a soft tissue disorder that causes significant disability and pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of the study was to establish that an intramuscular steroid injection is effective in the short-term pain relief and functional improvement of tennis elbow. The severity of pain at the injection site was monitored to determine whether the intramuscular injection is better tolerated than the intralesional injection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>19 patients, who had no treatment for tennis elbow in the preceding 3 months, were recruited from Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, and were randomised to receive either 80\u2009mg of intramuscular Depo-Medrone or 40\u2009mg of intralesional Depo-Medrone injection. Blinding proved difficult as the injection sites differed and placebo arms were not included in the study. A Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) Questionnaire and a 10-point Likert scale were used to assess primary outcome. Six weeks after the treatment, there was a reduction in pain, improvement in function and total PRTEE scores in both intramuscular and intralesional groups (p=0.008) using a 95%\u2009CI for mean treatment difference of \u221226 to +16\u2009points. A statistically significant result (p=0.001) in favour of intramuscular causing less pain at the injection site was noted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non-inferiority of intramuscular to intralesional injections was not confirmed; however, the intramuscular injection proved to be effective in reducing tennis elbow-related symptoms and was found less painful at the site of injection at the time of administration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>EUDRACT Number: 2010-022131-11.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>REC Number: 10\/H0718\/76 (NRES, Central London REC 1).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2016-000126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,10]],"date-time":"2017-02-10T20:40:24Z","timestamp":1486759224000},"page":"bmjsem-2016-000126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Randomised, prospective, non-blinded pilot study comparing the effect of intramuscular steroid injections and intralesional steroid injections in the management of tennis elbow"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Hasan","family":"Tahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Rheumatologist, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Izolda","family":"Biro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Fellow, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Rheumatologist, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083109575021000_2.1.bmjsem-2016-000126.1","first-page":"587","article-title":"Tennis elbow tendinosis (epicondylitis)","volume":"53","author":"Nirschl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"2025083109575021000_2.1.bmjsem-2016-000126.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)30489-0","article-title":"Elbow tendinosis\/tennis elbow","volume":"11","author":"Nirschl","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083109575021000_2.1.bmjsem-2016-000126.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2676","article-title":"Tennis elbow. lateral elbow pain syndrome","volume":"5 suppl 3","author":"Kurppa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2025083109575021000_2.1.bmjsem-2016-000126.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Per AFH Renstr\u00f6m . 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