{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T07:36:31Z","timestamp":1764401791079,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine whether there is similarity between tetradecyl sulfate and polidocanol in stabilising a joint from dislocating in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of patients with EDS in a sole-practice clinic in New Zealand. Patients must have had the diagnosis of EDS, had easily dislocatable joints, had treatment and at least 3 months\u2019 follow-up. 0.11% tetradecyl sulfate solution, or 0.25% polidocanol solution, was injected to ligament attachments (enthesis) on the side of the joints where they dislocated. Patients were deemed successfully treated if their affected joints were no longer dislocated over a minimum of 3 months\u2019 follow-up (out to 3 years).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 250 patients at the time of the study, 46 fitted the criteria. There were 37 treated with tetradecyl sulfate and nine with polidocanol. For the tetradecyl group there were a total of 305 injections around 97 joints: mean 3.1, range 1\u201322, median 2. For the polidocanol group there were 36 injections around 19 joints: mean 1.9, range 1\u20138, median 2. The difference of means between group 1 (tetradecyl) and group 2 (polidocanol) is 1.2, CIs 0.34 to 2.98. All patients had no further dislocations of treated joints unless they had a major new injury (two patients).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There was no difference between the two groups for stabilising joints from dislocating. These two agents appear promising for treating patients with recurrent joint dislocations in the setting of EDS. Prospective multicentre randomised controlled trials are needed to confirm these data.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T06:36:50Z","timestamp":1548398210000},"page":"e000481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of tetradecyl sulfate versus polidocanol injections for stabilisation of joints that regularly dislocate in an Ehlers-Danlos population"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9830-172X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fraser","family":"Burling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Clinic, Remuera, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.1","unstructured":"Am J Med Genet Part C Semin Med Genet C 2017:1\u2013245."},{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31551","article-title":"Orthopaedic management of the ehlers-danlos syndromes","volume":"175","author":"Ericson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet"},{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31541","article-title":"Oral and mandibular manifestations in the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes","volume":"175","author":"Mitakides","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet"},{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2011.02.006"},{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2014.02.005","article-title":"Low-concentration detergent sclerosants stimulate white blood cells and release proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines in vitro","volume":"2","author":"Cooley-Andrade","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"2025083110371874000_5.1.e000481.6","unstructured":"Burnes P . 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