{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:03:58Z","timestamp":1793063038513,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000855","name":"University of Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reduced hip adduction strength has been identified as a key predisposing factor in developing hip and groin injuries. The Copenhagen adduction programme has been shown to increase hip adduction strength in semiprofessional footballers but can cause muscle soreness. Therefore, a modified progressive Copenhagen adduction (MPCA) programme has been designed to increase hip adduction strength while limiting muscle soreness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the effect of an 8-week MPCA exercise on eccentric hip adduction and abduction strength in senior professional footballers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>25 senior professional footballers completed an 8-week MPCA strengthening programme. Eccentric hip adduction (EHAD) and eccentric hip abduction (EHAB) strengths were measured. Changes in preintervention and postintervention strengths and EHAD:EHAB ratios were calculated. The statistical significance between strength changes was assessed with dependent t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests due to the distribution of the data (p&lt;0.05). Delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) and rate of perceived exertion were measured throughout the programme.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were statistically significant increases in EHAD strength (24% and 25%, left and right), EHAB strength (10% and 13%, left and right) and the EHAD:EHAB ratio (12% and 10%, left and right) (p&lt;0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Professional footballers were able to complete the MPCA exercise with low levels of DOMS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An 8-week MPCA exercise elicited significant EHAD and EHAB strength increases with reduced levels of muscle soreness in senior professional footballers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T15:56:52Z","timestamp":1571155012000},"page":"e000570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Impact of a modified progressive Copenhagen adduction exercise programme on hip adduction strength and postexercise muscle soreness in professional footballers"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9649-6885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Polglass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"Sports Science and Medicine, Derby County Football Club, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Science and Medicine, Derby County Football Club, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Willett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"Centre or Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.060582"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097796"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510375544"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Eccentric and isometric hip adduction strength in male soccer players with and without Adductor-Related groin pain","volume":"2","author":"Thorborg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098937"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.5430\/jbei.v2n1p109","article-title":"A comparison of hip adduction to abduction strength ratios, in the dominant and non-dominant limb, of elite Academy football players","volume":"2","author":"Griffin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biomed Eng Inform"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.05.010","article-title":"Hip strength and range of motion: normal values from a professional football League","volume":"20","author":"Mosler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510378081"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518763373","article-title":"Musculoskeletal Screening Tests and Bony Hip Morphology Cannot Identify Male Professional Soccer Players at Risk of Groin Injuries: A 2-Year Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"46","author":"Mosler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095259"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094826"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000795"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12585","article-title":"Large eccentric strength increase using the Copenhagen adduction exercise in football: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Ish\u00f8i","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091746"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3052","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517720194","article-title":"Including the Copenhagen adduction exercise in the FIFA 11+ provides missing eccentric hip adduction strength effect in male soccer players: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Har\u00f8y","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohavi B , Beato M , Laver L , et al . Effectiveness of Field-Based resistance training protocols on hip muscle strength among young elite football players. Clin J Sport Med 2018. doi:doi:10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000649","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000649"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.3.361"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096675"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000465"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000128199.23901.2F"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091095"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002128","article-title":"Beyond bar and line graphs: time for a new data presentation paradigm","volume":"13","author":"Weissgerber","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2025083111064946000_5.1.e000570.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093439"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T18:07:01Z","timestamp":1756663621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopensem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000570"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2019-000570","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7647"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7647","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}}}