{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:04:36Z","timestamp":1792195476782,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of match and training injuries among football players at an academy in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this prospective observational study, we followed 80 youth and adult football players at a Ghanaian academy over a season of 39 weeks. Medical attention and time-loss injuries, as well as exposure times of players, were recorded by resident physiotherapists using a standardised injury surveillance form. The average weekly injury prevalence was calculated. Injury incidence rates were calculated per 1000 exposure hours, with significance indicated as 95% CIs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>126 injuries were recorded during the season, with an average weekly injury prevalence of 4.1%. The overall injury incidence was 4.5 (95% CI 3.8 to 5.4) injuries per 1000\u2009hours with under 14 (5.8 (3.3 to 10.2)\/1000\u2009hours) and under 18 players (5.7 (4.4 to 7.4)\/1000\u2009hours) recording a higher incidence than under 16 (5.1 (3.5 to 7.4)\/1000\u2009hours) and senior players (2.7 (1.9 to 3.9)\/1000\u2009hours). Match injury incidence was 13 times higher than training injury incidence (27.4 (21.5 to 34.9) vs 2.3 (1.8 to 3.0) injuries\/1000\u2009hours). Injuries to the lower extremities had the highest incidence (3.9 (2.1 to 7.2) injuries\/1000\u2009hours), with the knee being the most commonly injured site (n=30, 23.8%). The most common type of injury was a joint sprain (1.9 (1.5 to 2.5) injuries\/1000\u2009hours), and the most common injury mechanism was direct contact with another player (1.5 (1.1 to 2.0) injuries\/1000\u2009hours). Most injuries were moderately severe (2.0 (1.5 to 2.6) injuries\/1000\u2009hours).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ghanaian academy football players have a substantial risk of sustaining injuries, especially among younger players. Further studies should focus on developing specific injury prevention programmes in under-researched football-playing populations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T02:52:14Z","timestamp":1732243934000},"page":"e001519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of football injuries among academy players in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3481-8727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Koranteng","family":"Kwakye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karien","family":"Mostert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Garnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andries","family":"Masenge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083112413629000_10.4.e001519.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01169-8","article-title":"Injury incidence, prevalence and severity in 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