{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:35:16Z","timestamp":1791527716662,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to investigate symptoms of eating disorders (EDs) and low energy availability (LEA) among recreational female runners.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Females (18\u201339 years) (n=89) participating in running group sessions organised by running clubs and companies were recruited via social media and completed an anonymous online survey compromising the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q). An EDE-Q global score \u22652.3\u2009and a LEAF-Q total score \u22658 (in combination with an injury score\u22652 and\/or menstruation dysfunction score\u22654) were used to categorise subjects as having symptoms of EDs and LEA, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the subjects fulfilling the age criteria (n=85), 18% (n=15) had symptoms of EDs and 19% (n=16) had symptoms of LEA. Of those with symptoms of EDs, 13% (n=2) had concomitant symptoms of LEA. The higher the EDE-Q dietary restraint score, the higher the gastrointestinal problem score (r=0.23, p=0.04), otherwise no other associations were found between EDE-Q global or subscale scores and LEAF-Q scores.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results indicate that symptoms of EDs and LEA are frequent among adult females at all athletic levels, including the recreational level. Hence, to prevent the negative health consequences of EDs and LEA, preventative initiatives are also needed in recreational running communities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T22:01:10Z","timestamp":1689717670000},"page":"e001623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Symptoms of eating disorders and low energy availability in recreational active female runners"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4748-3961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6653-3414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Alricsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8249-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Melin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083110271452000_9.3.e001623.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y"},{"key":"2025083110271452000_9.3.e001623.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092966"},{"key":"2025083110271452000_9.3.e001623.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2018-0142","article-title":"Pitfalls of conducting and interpreting estimates of energy availability in free-living athletes","volume":"28","author":"Burke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"key":"2025083110271452000_9.3.e001623.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099193"},{"key":"2025083110271452000_9.3.e001623.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melin AK , Areta JL , Heikura IA , et al . 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