{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T04:14:26Z","timestamp":1782015266255,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005350","name":"Swedish Research Council for Sport Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P2023-0048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2023-0048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a serious injury in youth team sports, including handball. While research on the prevention of SRC has made progress over the past 5 years, prevention strategies are lacking in handball. The aim was to explore and develop strategies focusing on information, rules and training that may prevent concussion in youth handball by incorporating knowledge from experts and end users. Using a participatory methodology, experts (physiotherapy, biomechanics: n=3) and end users (players, coaches, referees, coach educators: n=7) contributed their experience and knowledge in a 2-hour online workshop. Participants were given three videos illustrating typical high-risk concussion scenarios from handball games and a youth player\u2019s accompanying fictional written scenario. In group discussions inspired by the brainwriting method, participants were asked to provide ideas for possible SRC prevention strategies related to information, rules and\/or training. Data were collected on a digital whiteboard and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Three themes were derived: (1) \u2018Coaches\u2019 responsibility: raise awareness of the risk of injury and act to promote safe environments\u2019; (2) \u2018Players\u2019 responsibility: safe defence and attack\u2019; and (3) \u2018Improvement of personal skills\u2019. Experts and end users found information about high-risk situations and SRC symptoms, stricter rules and safe playing strategy training for goalkeepers, attacking and defending players, respectively, may effectively reduce SRC in handball. Information and stricter rules could be delivered through education and dissemination activities, whereas safe playing strategies should be trained at regular handball practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T13:55:20Z","timestamp":1710424520000},"page":"e001877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Youth handball concussion prevention strategies: a workshop-based study with experts and end users"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Victor","family":"Sturesson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Marforio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8407-7958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arlind","family":"Reuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3407-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kajsa","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Linkoping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8639-3006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Ageberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106898"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0854-4"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097791"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4413"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2020.08.013"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.6","first-page":"172","article-title":"Game-specific characteristics of sport-related concussions","volume":"58","author":"Helmich","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12956","article-title":"Incidence and body location of reported acute sport injuries in seven sports using a national insurance database","volume":"28","author":"\u00c5man","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassidy JD , Carroll LJ , Peloso PM , et al . Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO collaborating centre task force on mild traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Med 2004:28\u201360. doi:10.1080\/16501960410023732","DOI":"10.1080\/16501960410023732"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106656"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082665","article-title":"A systematic review of the effectiveness of concussion education programs for coaches and parents of youth athletes","volume":"17","author":"Feiss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097452"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.12","unstructured":"International Handball Federation . Regulations documents: International Handball Federation. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.ihf.info\/regulations-documents\/361?selected=Rules%20of%20the%20Game2022 [Accessed 25 Nov 2023]."},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094639"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515618372"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhs.2023.03.001","article-title":"Effectiveness of Overuse injury prevention programs on upper extremity performance in overhead youth athletes: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Lau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sports Med Health Sci"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029954","article-title":"Guidance on how to develop complex interventions to improve health and Healthcare","volume":"9","author":"O\u2019Cathain","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosson M , Carroll J . Scenario-based design. In: Jacko J , ed. Human Computer Interaction Handbook. 3rd ed. CRC Press, 2012. doi:10.1201\/b11963","DOI":"10.1201\/b11963-ch-48"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-3287(02)00090-3"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.19","unstructured":"Tomitsch M , Borthwick M , Ahmadpour N , et al . Design. think. make. break. repeat. In: A Handbook of Methods. revised edition. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: BIS Publishers, 2021."},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.20","unstructured":"Collaboard . Great minds think together. 2023. Available: https:\/\/www.collaboard.app [Accessed 31 Oct 2023]."},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1348\/096317908X285642","article-title":"Better than brainstorming? Potential contextual boundary conditions to brainwriting for idea generation in organizations","volume":"82","author":"Heslin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Occupat & Organ Psyc"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun V , Clarke V . Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. SAGE, 2022.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1628806","article-title":"Reflecting on Reflexive thematic analysis","volume":"11","author":"Braun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual Res Sport Exerc Health"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebnurs-2019-103145"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3917\/th.771.0021","article-title":"Generating prospective scenarios of use in innovation projects","volume":"Vol. 77","author":"Nelson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trav Hum"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1177\/0017896919846185","article-title":"Effectiveness of the US centers for disease control and prevention HEADS UP coaches' online training as an educational intervention","volume":"78","author":"Daugherty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Educ J"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1260\/1747-9541.5.1.1","article-title":"Online training in sports concussion for youth sports coaches","volume":"5","author":"Glang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Sports Sci Coach"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.11.PEDS16383","article-title":"Pediatric concussion: biomechanical differences between outcomes of transient and persistent (> 4 weeks) postconcussion symptoms","volume":"19","author":"Post","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr ZY , Yeargin SW , Valovich McLeod TC , et al . Comprehensive coach education reduces head impact exposure in American youth football. Orthop J Sports Med 2015;3. doi:10.1177\/2325967115610545","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967115610545"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.30","first-page":"116","article-title":"An exploratory study of the potential effects of vision training on concussion incidence in football","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Optometry Visual Performance"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-014-0355-2"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104414"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2019.04.002","article-title":"Exploring the role of cervical spine endurance as a predictor of concussion risk and recovery following sports related concussion","volume":"42","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-020-00600-5","article-title":"Bigger necks are not enough: an examination of neck circumference in incoming college athletes","volume":"41","author":"Esopenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Prim Prev"},{"key":"2025083112502820000_10.1.e001877.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2019-043468"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001877","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T19:50:37Z","timestamp":1756669837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopensem.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001877","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7647"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7647","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}