{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:40:37Z","timestamp":1782470437160,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Norwegian sport school system offers a method for helping young dual-career athletes achieve their best both in academia and sports. However, there remains a concern that pursuing dual careers at a young age may leave some student-athletes vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between gender, grade, and sport type and problematic scores on school burn-out, sport burn-out, self-esteem and psychological distress in student-athletes within a sample of Norwegian lower secondary schools.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A sample of 642 student-athletes (ages 12\u201314) in grades 8\u201310 across 8 Norwegian lower secondary sport schools completed questionnaires on burn-out, self-esteem and psychological distress at the beginning of the school year.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Females were more likely to report high levels of sport-related burn-out and psychological distress, and low self-esteem; older student-athletes were more likely to report severe school-related and sport-related burn-out; and individual sport student-athletes were more likely to report high levels of psychological distress.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lower secondary sport schools in Norway may seek to be aware of the challenges facing student-athletes for informed practical steps to protect their mental health and maximise their outcomes as school students and athletes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2024-001955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T14:25:16Z","timestamp":1715351116000},"page":"e001955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mental health in student-athletes in Norwegian lower secondary sport schools"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1378-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milla","family":"Saarinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Research Centre for Child and Youth Sport, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel John","family":"Phipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyvaskyla, Finland"},{"name":"School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian Thue","family":"Bj\u00f8rndal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Research Centre for Child and Youth Sport, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Sport and Social Sciences, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.18261\/issn.2464-4161-2019-02-07","article-title":"Trends in perceived school stress among adolescents in five Nordic countries 2002\u20132014","volume":"4","author":"L\u00f6fstedt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nordisk V\u00e4lf\u00e4rdsforskning | Nordic Welfare Research"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/19012276.2019.1710240","article-title":"Social support, bullying, school-related stress and mental health in adolescence","volume":"72","author":"Ringdal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nordic Psychology"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1007\/s12310-012-9095-8","article-title":"Psychological symptoms and chronic mood in representative samples of elite student-athletes, deselected student-athletes and comparison students","volume":"5","author":"Brand","year":"2013","journal-title":"School Mental Health"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.10.004","article-title":"A person-oriented approach to sport and school burnout in adolescent student-athletes: the role of individual and parental expectations","volume":"28","author":"Sorkkila","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-008-9334-3"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.23.4.281","article-title":"Development and preliminary validation of an athlete burnout measure","volume":"23","author":"Raedeke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759.25.1.48","article-title":"School burnout inventory (SBI) reliability and validity","volume":"25","author":"Salmela-Aro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1123\/jsp.8.1.36","article-title":"Toward a cognitive-affective model of athletic burnout","volume":"8","author":"Smith","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"2025083110363738000_10.2.e001955.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000151","article-title":"Does adolescent self-esteem predict later life outcomes? 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