{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T18:40:03Z","timestamp":1756665603399,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is a research gap in the survey of injuries and illnesses in the sport of luge.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To analyse the type, frequency and burden of injuries and illnesses that occurred over a preparation period and a competition period in elite luge athletes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total 40 elite luge athletes, who were all part of a national team and competed internationally, self-reported acute injuries, overuse injuries and illnesses weekly using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The most frequently stated health problems were illnesses with 41.9% (n=75), followed by acute injuries at 31.9% (n=57). Overuse injuries accounted for 24.0% (n=43). Illnesses represented the greatest burden with a median severity score of 60.0 (IQR: 23.63), followed by acute injuries with 42.0 (IQR: 26.83) and overuse injuries with 35.0 (IQR: 23.95). In the case of acute injuries, the anatomical regions most affected were the hand (n=8, 14.0 %), foot (n=8, 14.0 %), head (n=7, 12.3 %) and neck (n=6, 10.5 %). In the case of overuse injuries, the shoulder (n=9, 20.9 %) and lumbar spine (n=7, 16.3 %) were most frequently reported. Strains (n=15, 26.3 %) and contusions (n=14, 24.6 %) were the predominant types of acute injuries. Four concussions were recorded, with none of the athletes taking a break from normal training of more than 3\u2009days. This stands in contrast to the current recommendations for the return to sport after concussion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results of this study represent the current incidence rates and health burden of acute and chronic injuries in this constantly evolving sport. 95% of all athletes reported at least one health problem during the observation period. These findings support the need for specific prevention programmes. The establishment of a concussion protocol should be considered.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2024-002055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T11:10:25Z","timestamp":1727781025000},"page":"e002055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Types, frequencies and burden of health problems in elite luge athletes: a 46-week prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1337-3746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Christina","family":"Tomaselli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohit","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"M\u00fchlbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Runer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sports Orthopaedics, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6417-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friedemann","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.1","unstructured":"Fedotova V , Pilipiv V . Comparison of luger\u2019s start elements on a sliding track and an Iced start ramp. 2011."},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.2","unstructured":"Wembacher K . IRO - internationale rodelordnung. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.fil-luge.org\/cdn\/uploads\/iro-2022-webseite-deu-18-08-2022.pdf"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.076992"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094538"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.5","unstructured":"Branch J , Abrams J . Luge athlete\u2019s death casts pall over games [The New York Times]. 2010. Available: https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/02\/13\/sports\/olympics\/13luge.html [Accessed 16 Feb 2024]."},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095006"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231209286","article-title":"Characteristics of Sports Injuries in Athletes During the Winter Olympics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500414"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2021.772140","article-title":"Olympic Sports Science-Bibliometric Analysis of All Summer and Winter Olympic Sports Research","volume":"3","author":"Millet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.10","unstructured":"Tomaselli S . Verletzungen im Rennrodelsport: Arten und H\u00e4ufigkeiten von Verletzungen im Leistungssport [Diploma Thesis]. Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, 2023"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091524"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2009.066936"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096669"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101337"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120902908","article-title":"International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement: Methods for Recording and Reporting of Epidemiological Data on Injury and Illness in Sports 2020 (Including the STROBE Extension for Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance (STROBE-SIIS))","volume":"8","author":"Bahr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100236"},{"key":"2025083111182651000_10.4.e002055.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soligard T , Palmer D , Steffen K , et al . Olympic Games during nationwide lockdown: sports injuries and illnesses, including COVID-19, at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. 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