{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T02:20:14Z","timestamp":1773109214414,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":67,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the well-documented benefits of sports for individuals with disabilities, participation remains low, and disability-related medical complications are a major barrier. Medical doctors, as trusted sources of health information on physical activity with sustained patient contact, are well-positioned to manage these issues and promote safe participation in sports. However, limited evidence exists regarding their role. This study explored medical doctors\u2019 knowledge, practices and perceptions in promoting and supporting sports participation among people with disabilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An online survey collected quantitative and qualitative data from registered medical doctors internationally who provided direct general or specialised medical care to people with disabilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 168 medical doctors from 16 countries participated. Most (91.1%) recognised the benefits of sports participation for people with disabilities and acknowledged their role in supporting participation (76.8%), while 69.7% identified medical complications as a barrier to participation. However, many reported low confidence in key areas: awareness of local disability sport organisations (53.6%); guiding patients (49.4%) and identifying relevant medical complications. Only 15.5% (of 58) had experience with pre-participation assessments. Limited awareness of disability sports, identified as a major barrier, and increasing awareness was the most frequently suggested strategy to enhance doctors\u2019 involvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although medical doctors recognised the benefits of sports for people with disabilities and their role in promoting and supporting participation, many reported low confidence in their knowledge of disability sports and in identifying potential medical complications that may hinder sport participation. Development of methods and materials is required to provide doctors with the knowledge and confidence to effectively promote sport participation among people with disabilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2025-002847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:35:15Z","timestamp":1773066915000},"page":"e002847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of medical doctors in promoting and supporting sports participation by people with disabilities: an exploratory study of medical doctors\u2019 knowledge, practices and perceptions"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4681-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samitha Samanmalee","family":"Gowinnage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2650-455X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0368-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iain","family":"Dutia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University - Brisbane Campus, Banyo, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Beckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaj","family":"Panagoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2011-3382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Tweedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Centre for Olympic and Paralympic Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030907350548000_12.1.e002847.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955"},{"key":"2026030907350548000_12.1.e002847.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12961","article-title":"Effects of physical activity on behaviour and emotional problems, mental health and psychosocial well-being in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Borland","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"key":"2026030907350548000_12.1.e002847.3","unstructured":"Commonwealth of Australia . 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