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Currently, trials of a self-administered gel combination of testosterone and the progestogen Nestorone\u00ae are under way, complementing the largely injectable methods previously investigated. Novel long-acting steroids with both androgenic and progestogenic activity are also in early clinical trials. The non-hormonal approach offers potential advantages, with potential sites of action on spermatogenesis, and sperm maturation in the epididymis or at the vas, but remains in preclinical testing. Surveys indicate the willingness of men, and their partners, to use a new male method, but they continue to lack that opportunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh-2019-200395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T17:15:22Z","timestamp":1568913322000},"page":"236-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Male contraception: where are we going and where have we been?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6597-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Joseph","family":"Reynolds-Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090510483288000_45.4.236.1","unstructured":"Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare . 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