{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:02:48Z","timestamp":1756425768826,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DTB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic relapsing disorder characterised by abdominal pain or discomfort associated with defaecation, abdominal bloating and a change in bowel habit.1,2 IBS may be classified by the change in bowel function as \u2018diarrhoea predominant\u2019 (IBS-D), \u2018constipation predominant\u2019 (IBS-C) or mixed, or may be unclassified.2 Although it is not thought to be associated with the development of serious disease, IBS is a debilitating condition often resulting in reduced quality of life and significant use of healthcare resources.2,3 Current drug treatment strategies target the patient's predominant symptoms and typically involve the use of an antispasmodic and either a laxative or antidiarrhoeal agent.1 \u25bcLinaclotide (Constella\u2014Almirall) is an oral guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist licensed for the symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe IBS-C in adults.3, 4 In this article, we consider the evidence for linaclotide and how its use fits with current management strategies for IBS-C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/dtb.2013.11.0218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]],"date-time":"2013-11-13T02:51:33Z","timestamp":1384311093000},"page":"129-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u25bcLinaclotide for constipation-predominant IBS"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"51","member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Knowledge Summaries, 2013. Irritable bowel syndrome [online]. Available: http:\/\/cks.nice.org.uk\/irritable-bowel-syndrome [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.119446"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.3","unstructured":"Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP), 2012. Assessment report. Constella: linaclotide [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/EPAR_-_Public_assessment_report\/human\/002490\/WC500135624.pdf [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.4","unstructured":"Constella 290 micrograms hard capsules. Summary of product characteristics, EU. Almirall Limited, June 2013."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.5","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2008. Irritable bowel syndrome in adults: diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome in primary care [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/nicemedia\/live\/11927\/39746\/39746.pdf [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.6","unstructured":"Almirall, 2013. Constella\u00ae (linaclotide), the first approved prescription therapy in a new class of treatments for adults with IBS-C, is now available in Europe [online] . Available: http:\/\/www.almirall.com\/webcorp2\/cda\/comunicacion_detalle_noticia.jsp?id=2518 [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.7","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration, 2013. FDA approves Linzess to treat certain cases of irritable bowel syndrome and constipation [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/newsevents\/newsroom\/pressannouncements\/ucm317505.htm [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.4155\/cli.12.95","article-title":"Clinical evidence for the role of linaclotide for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Malagelada","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.254"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.10","unstructured":"Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP), 2003. Points to consider on the evaluation of medicinal products for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Scientific_guideline\/2009\/09\/WC500003187.pdf [Accessed 23\u00a0October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.11","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), 2012. Guidance for industry irritable bowel syndrome\u2014clinical evaluation of drugs for treatment [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/UCM205269.pdf [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.255"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12123"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12089","article-title":"An evaluation of the FDA responder endpoint for IBS-C clinical trials: analysis of data from linaclotide Phase 3 clinical trials","volume":"25","author":"Macdougall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sayuk GS . Linaclotide: promising IBS-C efficacy in an era of provisional study endpoints. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 1726-9.","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.325"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1Q428"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.17","first-page":"15","article-title":"Linaclotide: a guanylate cyclase type-C agonist for the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome chronic constipation","volume":"47","author":"O'dell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Formulary"},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.18","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2013. ESNM16: Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in adults: linaclotide [online]. Available: http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/mpc\/evidencesummariesnewmedicines\/ESNM16.jsp [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.19","unstructured":"Scottish medicines Consortium , 2013. Statement of Advice: linaclotide hard capsules, 290 micrograms (Constella\u00ae). SMC No. (869\/13) [online] Available: http:\/\/www.scottishmedicines.org.uk\/SMC_Advice\/Advice\/869_13_linaclotide_Constella\/linaclotide_Constella [Accessed 23 October 2013]."},{"key":"2025082800141416000_51.11.129.20","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group, 2013. Linaclotide (Constella\u00ae) [online] Available: http:\/\/www.awmsg.org\/awmsgonline\/app\/appraisalinfo\/948 [Accessed 23 October 2013]."}],"container-title":["Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/dtb.2013.11.0218","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:14:24Z","timestamp":1756365264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dtb.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/dtb.2013.11.0218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/dtb.2013.11.0218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/dtb.2013.11.0218","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-6543","1755-5248"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0012-6543"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1755-5248"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}