{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T03:56:31Z","timestamp":1784606191960,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"NIH-NICHD","award":["R03 HD095056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03 HD095056"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008523","name":"University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1TR002003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008523","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evid Based Mental Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with traditional screening questionnaires, computerised adaptive tests for severity of depression (CAT-DI) and computerised adaptive diagnostic modules for depression (CAD-MDD) show improved precision in screening for major depressive disorder. CAT measures have been tailored to perinatal women but have not been studied in low-income women of colour despite high rates of perinatal depression (PND).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the concordance between CAT and traditional measures of depression in a sample of primarily low-income black and Latina women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 373\u2009women (49% black; 29% Latina) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), CAD-MDD and CAT-DI at 845 visits across pregnancy and postpartum. We examined the concordance between continuous CAT-DI and PHQ-9 scores and between binary measures of PND diagnosis on CAD-MDD and the PHQ-9 (cut-off score &gt;10). We examined cases with a positive PND diagnosis on the CAD-MDD but not on the PHQ-9 (\u2018missed\u2019 cases) to determine whether clinic notes were consistent with CAD-MDD results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CAT-DI and PHQ-9 scores were significantly associated (concordance correlation coefficient=0.67; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.74). CAD-MDD detected 5% more case of PND compared with PHQ-9 (p&lt;0.001). The average per-visit rate of PND was 14.4% (14.5% in blacks, 14.9% in Latinas) on the CAD-MDD, and 9.5% (9.8% in blacks, 8.8% in Latinas) on the PHQ-9. Clinical notes were available on 60% of \u2018missed\u2019 cases and validated CAD-MDD PND diagnosis in 89% of cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CAD-MDD detected 5% more cases of PND in women of colour compared with traditional tests, and the majority of these cases were verified by clinician notes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Use of CAT in routine clinic care may address health disparities in PND screening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2021-300262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T13:35:11Z","timestamp":1630935311000},"page":"23-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Using computerised adaptive tests to screen for perinatal depression in underserved women of colour"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7732-608X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Penalver Bernabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Dowty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Unnathi","family":"Nagelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lacey","family":"Pezley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Maki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Screening for perinatal depression","volume":"132","year":"2018","journal-title":"Replace Comm Opin"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18392"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-017-2361-5","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers to disclosure of postpartum mood disorder symptoms to a healthcare provider","volume":"22","author":"Prevatt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15r10174"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.07.007"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-1989-x","article-title":"Racial\/Ethnic disparities in antenatal depression in the United States: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840500280638"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2010.11.012"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.62.6.619"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2190\/5VPD-WGL1-MTWN-6JA6","article-title":"Psychiatric symptoms, functional impairment, and receptivity toward mental health treatment among obstetrical patients","volume":"31","author":"Birndorf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.11","article-title":"Routine screening for postpartum depression","volume":"50","author":"Georgiopoulos","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1053-9","article-title":"Without wasting a word: extreme improvements in efficiency and accuracy using computerized adaptive testing for mental health disorders (CAT-MH)","volume":"21","author":"Gibbons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-012-0295-x","article-title":"Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 for prenatal depression screening","volume":"15","author":"Sidebottom","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(96)00008-0"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093634"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201400390"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2012.14"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13020178"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m08338"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14938"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0632-6","article-title":"The experience of depression, anxiety, and mania among perinatal women","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"2025082700235141000_25.1.23.24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of screening for postpartum depression","volume":"106","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eff Heal Care Progr"}],"container-title":["Evidence Based Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ebmental-2021-300262","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:24:00Z","timestamp":1756279440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mentalhealth.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ebmental-2021-300262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ebmental-2021-300262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ebmental-2021-300262","relation":{},"ISSN":["1362-0347","1468-960X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-0347","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-960X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]}}}