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The organism was recovered by chance during a targeted attempt to isolate new\n                    <jats:italic>Subdoligranulum<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, a project that failed in its original aim but yielded a bacterium that fulfilled the criteria for an entirely new genus. Since then,\n                    <jats:italic>D. welbionis<\/jats:italic>\n                    has emerged as one of the best-supported examples of a candidate next-generation beneficial microbe. It is carried by roughly two thirds to more than 90% of adults depending on the cohort and detection method, its faecal abundance correlates inversely with fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin, and, in contrast to most microbiome markers, live supplementation of the type strain reproducibly improves diet-induced insulin resistance, brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and hepatic steatosis in mice. At the biochemical level\n                    <jats:italic>D. welbionis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is distinguished by a non-canonical route that converts\n                    <jats:italic>myo<\/jats:italic>\n                    -inositol to butyrate, by the production of bioactive lipids that act as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists and by the capacity to convert cholesterol to poorly absorbed coprostanol. A rapidly growing body of clinical and veterinary literature now places\n                    <jats:italic>Dysosmobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    at the crossroads of metabolic disease, liver disease, cardiovascular health, oncology, the gut\u2013brain axis and drug\u2013microbiome interactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genus. It brings together its discovery, taxonomy, physiology and genomics, its ecology and prevalence in humans and animals, the mechanistic and preclinical evidence, the expanding catalogue of human disease associations and the prospects and hurdles for its development as a live biotherapeutic.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/egastro-2026-100574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T18:35:17Z","timestamp":1790102117000},"page":"e100574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Dysosmobacter<\/i>\n                    : from a serendipitous discovery to a next-generation beneficial gut commensal linked to health"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2040-2448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrice D","family":"Cani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium"},{"name":"Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Wallonia Institute of Food Science and Technology, Charleroi, Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Petitfils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Van Hul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group (MNUT), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium"},{"name":"Wallonia Institute of Food Science and Technology, Charleroi, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-334501"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219451110"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4236"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0495-2"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00631-9"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.10.011","article-title":"From microbiome to metabolism: Bridging a two-decade translational gap","volume":"38","author":"Van Hul","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0227"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15766"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0226-y"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.12.019"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13568"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1823801"},{"key":"2026092211351362000_4.3.e100574.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le Roy T , Van der Smissen P , Paquot A , et al . 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