{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T09:42:56Z","timestamp":1792748576786,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Hosp Pharm"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2025-004705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T17:44:41Z","timestamp":1767635081000},"page":"576-582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity in a case of viral encephalitis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"B\u00fclent","family":"Dertli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0818-2665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sena","family":"G\u00fczel Karahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadir","family":"K\u00f6seo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9843-1604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"\u00c7ak\u0131r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekrem","family":"Salduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit458"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648419"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199007263230406"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/589747"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13526","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus infections in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2024.02.013","article-title":"Acyclovir dosing in herpes encephalitis: A scoping review","volume":"64","author":"Aboelezz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00041-8"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13216","article-title":"The drugs that mostly frequently induce acute kidney injury: a case - noncase study of a pharmacovigilance database","volume":"83","author":"Pierson-Marchandise","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80939-5"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2019.03.050","article-title":"Neurologic Acyclovir Toxicity in the Absence of Kidney Injury","volume":"57","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.03.001","article-title":"Death Delusions and Myoclonus: Acyclovir Toxicity","volume":"128","author":"Gentry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3313","article-title":"Acute renal failure related to high doses of acyclovir (15 mg\/kg\/8 h) during treatment of varicella zoster virus encephalitis","volume":"24","author":"Martinot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90087-0"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526519666190617154137","article-title":"Antiviral Drugs and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)","volume":"19","author":"Leowattana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90313-0"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3332-5"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.02937.x"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.09.001","article-title":"Aciclovir-induced neurotoxicity: Utility of CSF and serum CMMG levels in diagnosis","volume":"61","author":"Berry","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl067"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg119"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.07.001","article-title":"A decreasing plasma concentration of a toxicologically active metabolite 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine after dialysis - A potential new clinical biomarker for improving encephalopathy in patients treated with acyclovir","volume":"29","author":"Unita","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113852","article-title":"Therapeutic monitoring of serum concentrations of acyclovir and its metabolite 9-(carboxymethoxymethyl) guanine in routine clinical practice","volume":"156","author":"Kacirova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.003","article-title":"Novel Insights to Enhance Therapeutics With Acyclovir in the Management of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis","volume":"110","author":"Gurgel Assis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2018.1487866","article-title":"The incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury (staged using the RIFLE classification) associated with intravenous acyclovir administration","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/602783","article-title":"Acyclovir nephrotoxicity: a case report highlighting the importance of prevention, detection, and treatment of acyclovir-induced nephropathy","volume":"2010","author":"Fleischer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00856544","article-title":"Reversible renal failure in renal transplant patients receiving oral acyclovir prophylaxis","volume":"8","author":"Ahmad","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.013","article-title":"Incidence, patterns, risk factors and clinical outcomes of intravenous acyclovir induced nephrotoxicity","volume":"30","author":"Al-Alawi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051409","article-title":"Evaluation of Aciclovir-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Critically Ill Patients: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study","volume":"14","author":"Boosman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90086-9"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90186-S"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.31","first-page":"743","article-title":"Drug-induced nephrotoxicity","volume":"78","author":"Naughton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-42302005000500019","article-title":"Insufici\u00eancia renal aguda associada ao uso de aciclovir endovenoso","volume":"51","author":"Pacheco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nephro.2009.12.001","article-title":"Insuffisance r\u00e9nale aigu\u00eb lors d\u2019un traitement par aciclovir","volume":"6","author":"Obada","year":"2010","journal-title":"N\u00e9phrologie & Th\u00e9rapeutique"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almuzaini M , Aljehani R , Aljefri D , et al . Assessment of the impact of hydration on the incidence of acute kidney injury (aki) with intravenous acyclovir: a retrospective observation study. [Preprint] 2025. doi:10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7515510\/v1","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7515510\/v1"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0155-9","article-title":"Drug dosage adjustment in hospitalized patients with renal impairment at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Getachew","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.36","article-title":"Acyclovir-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Neurotoxicity: A Report of Two Cases","volume":"16","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/157.2.385"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198308030-00001"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2017.01.005","article-title":"Guidelines on the management of infectious encephalitis in adults","volume":"47","author":"Stahl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.40","unstructured":"Sanford antimikrobiyal tedavi rehberi. 2025. Available: https:\/\/www.sanfordguide.com\/products\/antimicrobial-therapy?srsltid=AfmBOorLyEnjJTiVsTaLggTl-Llr277juVRCdzXLZauNgXJx6sJoxE0Z"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199412000-00006"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2017.1332512","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions and causality: the Turkish version of Naranjo Adverse Drug Reactions Probability Scale","volume":"27","author":"Kose","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry clin. psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13464","article-title":"Neurotoxicity associated with acyclovir and valacyclovir: A systematic review of cases","volume":"46","author":"Brandariz-Nu\u00f1ez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinpr.2020.100046","article-title":"Acute renal and neurotoxicity due to weight-based dosing of intravenous acyclovir: How to dose in obese patients?","volume":"7\u20138","author":"Sallevelt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Infection in Practice"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.07.002","article-title":"Acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with intravenous aciclovir in adults: Incidence and risk factors in clinical practice","volume":"74","author":"Ryan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026102302151093000_33.6.576.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr118"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ejhpharm-2025-004705","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T09:15:35Z","timestamp":1792746935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ejhp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ejhpharm-2025-004705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ejhpharm-2025-004705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ejhpharm-2025-004705","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-9956","2047-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-9956","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]}}}