{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:22:19Z","timestamp":1791991339493,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Emerg Med J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic hip dislocations (THD) are uncommon in children. They constitute true emergencies because unrecognised THD leads to avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. This review presents the evidence for best practice for the diagnosis and treatment of THD in the emergency department (ED) of children under the age of 7 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Searches for the period 2002\u20132012 were performed in PubMED, Cochrane database, EMBASE, Google Scholar and hand search.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-five case reports and case series articles were identified, 53 described children with acute and 23 with neglected THD. Overall, 42 (55%) were male and 73 (96%) sustained a posterior dislocation. Forty-eight (63%) had THD following a low-energy trauma. Eight (11%) reported associated injuries. Twenty-one (39.6%) acute dislocations were reduced in the ED without complications. AVN was identified in 3 (5.7%) children, who underwent reduction \u226510\u2005h after dislocation. Redislocation occurred in 3 (5.7%) children and coxa magna developed in 5 (9.4%). Long-term functional outcome of 42 patients resulted in full recovery, and it was fair to good in 3 (including 2 children with AVN). All neglected cases (\u22654\u2005weeks from trauma) needed open reduction in the operating room (OR). AVN was identified in 11 children (47.8%). Hip function was completely recovered in 16 (70%) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>THD in this age group mainly occurs with low-energy trauma and leads to posterior dislocations. Urgent closed reduction of acute cases are done in the OR, or the ED. ED reduction appears to be safe. Neglected THDs need open reduction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2012-201957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,8]],"date-time":"2013-03-08T03:49:11Z","timestamp":1362714551000},"page":"425-431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Emergency department diagnosis and treatment of traumatic hip dislocations in children under the age of 7 years: a 10-year review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bressan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan Peter","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itai","family":"Shavit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00393886"},{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200901000-00003","article-title":"Traumatic hip dislocations in children and adolescents: pitfalls and complications","volume":"17","author":"Herrera-Soto","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195436020-00010","article-title":"Fracture-dislocation of the hip; an end result-study","volume":"36","author":"Stewart","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200007000-00011","article-title":"Traumatic hip dislocation in children: long term followup of 42 patients","volume":"76","author":"Mehlman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Related Res"},{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-200102000-00009"},{"key":"2024052700224076000_31.5.425.6","first-page":"258","article-title":"Traumatic hip dislocation in pediatric patients. 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