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This has led to its use in gastrointestinal bleeding, as vascular abnormalities such as angiodysplasia have been found to have elevated VEGF levels. This article will review the current evidence of the use of thalidomide in bleeding associated with gastrointestinal vascular malformations, including angiodysplasia, gastric cancer and radiation-induced proctitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2017-100870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T20:40:57Z","timestamp":1509655257000},"page":"98-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Emerging role of thalidomide in the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8156-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"McFarlane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"O\u2019Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Ventre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R","family":"Disney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090708400136000_9.2.98.1","unstructured":"NICE. 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