{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T23:55:31Z","timestamp":1767830131357,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Frontline Gastroenterol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The discovery of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection in 1984 revolutionised the management of several common upper gastrointestinal diseases. However, some of the clinical practices that were adopted following discovery of this organism have become less appropriate over the intervening years. This article discusses five \u2018myths and misconceptions\u2019 that we believe have now emerged and which we argue need re-evaluation. Although the prevalence of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection is decreasing in some developed countries, it remains a huge global problem and the most serious consequence of infection, gastric adenocarcinoma, is still a major cause of mortality. The epidemiology of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>-related diseases is also changing and careful testing remains crucially important, especially in patients with peptic ulceration. Eradication of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection has also become much more difficult over recent years as a result of the widespread acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Routine assessment of the success of eradication should therefore now be performed. Finally, there has been increased awareness about the role of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> in the multistep pathway of gastric carcinogenesis, about the opportunities to prevent cancer development by eradicating this infection in some individuals and about detecting high-risk preneoplastic changes via endoscopic surveillance. The discovery of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> was rightly honoured by the award of the Nobel prize for Physiology and Medicine in 2005. However, unless we re-evaluate and update the ways in which we manage <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, much of the fantastic progress that has been made in this field of medicine may tragically be lost once again.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2021-101826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T13:29:50Z","timestamp":1625232590000},"page":"245-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Myths and misconceptions in the management of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Bornschein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK"},{"name":"Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, 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