{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T03:07:57Z","timestamp":1775012877324,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To define the origin and the natural history of innocent heart murmurs in newborn infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty healthy babies born at term with the clinical diagnosis of an innocent heart murmur and 50 controls without a murmur were studied. Each baby had a complete two dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiogram and those with any abnormality were followed up at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months until the murmur had disappeared or the heart was totally normal. Babies with congenital heart disease were excluded from the study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pulmonary branch stenosis (PBS) was found in 25 (50%) of the study group and in six (12%) controls; patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 30 (60%) subjects and in six (12%) controls; and a patent foramen ovale (PFO) in 50 (100%) subjects and in 41 (82%) controls. At 6 weeks the murmur had disappeared in 64% of babies. PBS was still present in eight of 22 (36%) babies at 6 weeks, in 12% at 3  months, but in none at 6 months. At 6 weeks, seven of the eight with PBS still had a murmur compared with two of 14 (14%) babies in which the PBS had resolved (P&lt;0.005). At 6 weeks the PDA had closed in all patients but the foramen ovale was still patent in 29 of 44 (66%) subjects and nine of 33 (27%) controls. The closure of the PFO was not influenced by its size at birth.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An innocent heart murmur in a baby born at term is often related to PBS, particularly if the murmur is still present after 24 hours of age, when most PDA have closed. At 6 weeks the murmur had disappeared and the PBS had resolved in 64% of the babies. PBS had resolved in all babies at 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.78.3.f166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]],"date-time":"2009-04-08T11:39:16Z","timestamp":1239190756000},"page":"F166-F170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Natural history of innocent heart murmurs in newborn babies: controlled echocardiographic study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Romaine","family":"Arlettaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew R","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1961.04020060033004"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.65.1.41"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(89)90013-3"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80719-6"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.1_Spec_No.24"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(09)90044-0","article-title":"Review of studies evaluating ductal patency in the premature infant.","volume":"122","author":"Reller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1972.02110170044006"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.45.2.410","article-title":"Physiologic pressure differences between main and branch pulmonary arteries in infants.","volume":"XLV","author":"Danilowicz","year":"1972","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90202-C","article-title":"Predictive factors for spontaneous closure of atrial septal defects diagnosed in the first 3 months of life.","volume":"22","author":"Radzik","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)90538-C"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01954080"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90715-X"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(83)80384-2","article-title":"Two-dimensionalechocardiographic measurement of right pulmonary artery diameter in infants and children.","volume":"2","author":"Lappen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60336-X"},{"key":"2025090503570324000_78.3.F166.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.6.1504"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/fn.78.3.F166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T10:57:06Z","timestamp":1757069826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/fn.78.3.F166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/fn.78.3.F166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/fn.78.3.f166","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]]}}}