{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:18:24Z","timestamp":1791839904986,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To test the effectiveness of a home based developmental education programme in very preterm children.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A randomised controlled trial was conducted of developmental or social support intervention, started at discharge for up to 2 years, in 309 consecutive survivors of 32 weeks gestation or less, born to mothers resident in greater Bristol between December 1990 and July 1993. Home visits were made by research nurses trained in either Portage (a developmental education programme) or in non-directional counselling (parent adviser scheme). Interventions were also provided to appropriate primary care and community support for disability. Griffiths Mental Development Scales were used to assess outcome at 2 years.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean (SEM) Griffiths quotients (GQ) were: Portage 96.8 (1.6); parent adviser 95.9 (1.6); preterm control 92.9 (2.0). Despite randomisation, social variables significantly confounded these results. Using linear regression analysis, intervention was associated with improved scores: Portage: + 4.3 GQ points (95% CI 1.6 to 7.0); parent adviser: +3.4 GQ points (1.4 to 6.1). The effect of Portage was greatest in those children with birthweights &lt;1250 g (+5.3 GQ points (0.2 to 10.4) and in those with an abnormal neonatal cerebral ultrasound scan (+7.3 GQ points (1.6 to 13.0).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary analysis showed no developmental benefit from long term family support after preterm birth. Secondary analysis controlling for the presence of adverse social markers showed similar small advantage for both intervention groups. In the smallest infants and those with brain injuries, a structured developmental programme may offer advantage over social support intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.79.1.f4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]],"date-time":"2009-04-08T11:39:16Z","timestamp":1239190756000},"page":"F4-F11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Randomised trial of parental support for families with very preterm children"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Avon Premature Infant","family":"Project","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.68.3_Spec_No.286"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01612.x"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.72.1.F62"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.4","unstructured":"Illsley R Mitchell RG (1984) Low birth weight: a medical psychological and social study. (John Wiley, Chichester)."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.5","unstructured":"McFadyen A (1994) Special care babies and their developing relationships. (Routledge. London)."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.302.6783.978"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1130586"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.80.5.650","article-title":"Early intervention for disabled children and their families - a quantitative analysis.","volume":"80","author":"Shonkoff","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shonkoff JP Meisels SJ (1990) Early childhood intervention: the evolution of a concept. in Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention. eds Shonkoff JP Meisels SJ (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge), pp 3\u201332.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511529320.003"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14878.x","article-title":"Intervention.","volume":"33","author":"Davies","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1991.tb01898.x","article-title":"Supporting the development of low birthweight infants.","volume":"32","author":"Wolke","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.12","unstructured":"Smith J Kushlick A Glossop C (1977) The Wessex Portage Project: A home teaching service for families with a preschool child showing developmental delay. (Wessex Health Care Evaluation Unit, University of Southampton), 125."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.13","unstructured":"Revil S Blunden R (1977) Home training of pre-school children with developmental delay: report of the development and evaluation of the Portage service in South Glamorgan. (Mental Handicap in Wales Applied Research Unit, Cardiff)."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.14","unstructured":"Israel C Dolby S (1997) Parent Baby Interaction Programme. (NFER Nelson, London)."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.15","first-page":"89","article-title":"Counselling and supporting parents of children with developmental delay: a research evaluation.","volume":"35","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Mental Defic Res"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.16","unstructured":"OHA NPEU (1994) Report of two working groups. Disability and Perinatal Care: Measurement of health status at two years. (Oxford Health Authority\/National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Oxford)."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540080059030"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.18","unstructured":"Anastasiouw NJ (1990) Implications of the neurobiological model for early intervention. in Handbook of early childhood interventions. eds Meisels SJ Shonkoff JP (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge), pp 196\u2013216."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(88)90103-X"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.69.1_Spec_No.9"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1130634"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.22","unstructured":"Seitz V Provence V (1990) Caregiver-focused models of early intervention. in Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention. eds Meisels SJ Shonkoff JP (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge), pp 400\u2013427."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440220059030"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80945-X"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)93026-L"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.84.5.797","article-title":"Intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants: declining incidence in the 1980s.","volume":"84","author":"Philip","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.1988.tb00565.x"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00452.x","article-title":"Helping Bagladeshi families: the Parent Adviser Scheme.","volume":"16","author":"Davis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mental Handicap"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.29","unstructured":"McCune L Kalmanson B Fleck MB Glazewski B Sillari J (1990) An interdisciplinary model of infant assessment. in Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention. eds Meisels SJ Shonkoff JP (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge), pp 219\u2013245."},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb08464.x","article-title":"Predicting developmental outcome at school age from infant tests of normal,at-risk and retarded infants.","volume":"32","author":"Largo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2025090513584311000_79.1.F4.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.1.45","article-title":"Nine year outcome of the Vermont program for low birthweight infants.","volume":"91","author":"Achenbach","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/fn.79.1.F4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T20:58:52Z","timestamp":1757105932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/fn.79.1.F4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/fn.79.1.F4"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/fn.79.1.f4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]}}}