{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:15:11Z","timestamp":1780398911975,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the predictive value of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) and interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) concentrations on the outcome of hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in full term infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty term infants with HIE were included in the study. HIE was classified according to the criteria of Sarnat and Sarnat. Blood and CSF were obtained within the first 24 hours of life and stored until assay. Five infants died soon after hypoxic insult. Neurological examinations and Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) were performed at 12 months in the survivors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At the age of 12 months neurological examination and DDST showed that 11 infants were normal; 14 had abnormal neurological findings and\/or an abnormal DDST result. Eleven normal infants were classified as group 1 and 19 infants (14 with abnormal neurological findings and\/or an abnormal DDST and five who died) as group 2. CSF IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 concentrations in group 2 were significantly higher than those in group 1. Plasma IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 concentrations were not significantly different between the two groups. IL-1\u03b2, but not TNF-\u03b1 concentrations, in group 2 were even higher than those in group 1, although non-survivors were excluded from group 2. When the patients were evaluated according to the stages of Sarnat, the difference in the three groups was again significant. Patients whose CSF samples were taken within 6 hours of the hypoxic insult had higher IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 concentrations than the patients whose samples were taken after 6 hours.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Both cytokines probably contribute to the damage sustained by the central nervous system after hypoxic insult. IL-1\u03b2 seems to be a better predictor of HIE than TNF-\u03b1.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.79.3.f190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]],"date-time":"2009-04-08T11:39:16Z","timestamp":1239190756000},"page":"F190-F193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Predictive value of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interleukin-1\u03b2 concentrations on outcome of full term infants with hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Nihal","family":"Oyg\u00fcr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"S\u00f6nmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"Saka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olcay","family":"Ye\u01e7in","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090514375866000_79.3.F190.1","unstructured":"Vannuci RC (1997) Hypoxia-ischemia: Clinical aspects. in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 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