{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:17:07Z","timestamp":1774563427921,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the role of <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic> colonisation or infection in neonatal lung disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endotracheal aspirates from ventilated infants less than 28 weeks of gestation were cultured for <jats:italic>U urealyticum<\/jats:italic> and outcomes compared in infants with positive and negative cultures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                     <jats:italic>U urealyticum<\/jats:italic> was isolated from aspirates of 39 of 143 (27%) infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurred significantly less often in colonised, than in non-colonised infants (p=0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in singleton infants, ureaplasma colonisation was the only independent (negative) predictor of RDS (OR 0.36; p=0.02). Both gestational age (OR 0.46; p=0.006) and isolation of <jats:italic>U urealyticum<\/jats:italic> (OR 3.0; p=0.05) were independent predictors of chronic lung disease (CLD), as defined by requirement for supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks of gestational age. Multiple gestation was also a major independent predictor of RDS and CLD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Colonisation or infection with ureaplasma apparently protects premature infants against the development of RDS (suggesting intrauterine infection). However, in singleton infants, it predisposes to development of CLD, independently of gestational age. Treatment of affected infants after birth is unlikely to significantly improve the outcome and methods are required to identify and treat the women with intrauterine ureaplasmal infection, before preterm delivery occurs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.81.3.f162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]],"date-time":"2009-04-08T11:39:47Z","timestamp":1239190787000},"page":"F162-F167","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Role of <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/i> in lung disease of prematurity"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Kirsty","family":"Hannaford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Jeffery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Blyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gwendolyn L","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11292.x","article-title":"A 15 year survey of chronic lung disease of prematurity.","volume":"310 (suppl)","author":"Burnard","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica Scandinavia"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.2","first-page":"637","article-title":"Lung injury and repair in rabbits from ventilation with moist air.","volume":"70","author":"Todd","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(90)90026-F"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.51.11.1137"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810133191503","article-title":"A case-control study of chorioamnionic infection and histologic chorioamnionitis in prematurity.","volume":"319","author":"Hillier","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(94)00436-H"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00376-2"},{"key":"2025090513063923000_81.3.F162.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90506-M","article-title":"A randomized placebo-controlled trial of erythromycin for the treatment of Ureaplasma urealyticum to prevent premature delivery. 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