{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T03:35:30Z","timestamp":1779939330371,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intramuscular supplementation with vitamin A in large doses may reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate whether oral supplementation with vitamin A would reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease in a group of extremely low birthweight infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infants with birth weight &lt;\u20091000 g were randomised at birth to receive oral vitamin A supplementation (5000 IU\/day) or placebo for 28 days. The primary outcome was oxygen dependency at 28 days of age or death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 154 infants were randomised; 77 received vitamin A (median birth weight (interquartile range) 806 (710\u2013890) g), and 77 received placebo (median birth weight (interquartile range) 782 (662\u2013880) g). Plasma vitamin A concentrations in the supplemented group were significantly higher at 24 hours of age but did not differ significantly at birth, 12 hours of age, 7 days, or 28 days of life. There were no significant differences in the proportion of infants who survived, required oxygen at 28 days, required oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age, survived without chronic lung disease at 36 weeks, survived without significant retinopathy, or who survived without significant intraventricular haemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oral supplementation with 5000 IU vitamin A in extremely low birthweight infants does not significantly alter the incidence of chronic lung disease. However, this dose may have been inadequate to achieve optimal serum retinol concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.84.1.f9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:40:22Z","timestamp":1027752022000},"page":"F9-F13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Randomised controlled trial of oral vitamin A supplementation in preterm infants to prevent chronic lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"S P","family":"Wardle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N J","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.1","unstructured":"Shenai JP (1993) Vitamin A. in Nutritional needs of the preterm infant: scientific basis and practical guidelines. eds Tsang RC Lucas A Uauy R (Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore), pp 87\u2013100."},{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.6.894","article-title":"Persistently low retinol levels during and after parenteral feeding of very low birthweight infants: examination of losses into intravenous administration sets and a method of prevention by addition to a lipid 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infants.","volume":"59","author":"Werkman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83295-0","article-title":"Intramuscular versus enteral vitamin A supplemetation in very low birth weight infants.","volume":"125","author":"Rush","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(92)90143-5"},{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81614-2"},{"key":"2025090512272702000_84.1.F9.16","first-page":"63","article-title":"Serum and tissue concentrations of vitamin A in parenterally fed preterm rabbits.","volume":"29","author":"Pollack","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr 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