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Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although 15\u00a0mA transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has a therapeutic effect on depression, the activations of brain structures in humans accounting for this tACS configuration remain largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate which intracranial brain structures are engaged in the tACS at 77.5\u00a0Hz and 15\u00a0mA, delivered via the forehead and the mastoid electrodes in the human brain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Actual human head models were built using the magnetic resonance imagings of eight outpatient volunteers with drug\u2010na\u00efve, first\u2010episode major depressive disorder and then used to perform the electric field distributions with SimNIBS software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The electric field distributions of the sagittal, coronal and axial planes showed that the bilateral frontal lobes, bilateral temporal lobes, hippocampus, cingulate, hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, cerebellum and brainstem were visibly stimulated by the 15\u00a0mA tACS procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brain\u2010wide activation, including the cortex, subcortical structures, cerebellum and brainstem, is involved in the 15\u00a0mA tACS intervention for first\u2010episode major depressive disorder. Our results indicate that the simultaneous involvement of multiple brain regions is a possible mechanism for its effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2023-101338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T13:25:23Z","timestamp":1709904323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Brain\u2010wide activation involved in 15\u00a0mA transcranial alternating current stimulation in patients with first\u2010episode major depressive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Songjiang Hospital and Songjiang Research Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotions and Affective Disorders Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases Xiangyang 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