{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:13:46Z","timestamp":1790784826471,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1971,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An estimate of the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes in jejunal villous epithelium can be obtained by differential counting of nuclei in the epithelium. From counts carried out in 160 jejunal biopsies from patients who did not have coeliac disease the normal range has been established as 6-40 intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 villous epithelial cells. In some biopsies there was a moderate increase in the intraepithelial lymphocyte count; this was probably an objective measurement of `increased chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate'.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Intraepithelial lymphocyte counts were high in untreated coeliac disease; counts were lower, but rarely within the normal range, in coeliac patients on a gluten-free diet. Counts were normal in most autoimmune diseases, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. There were abnormal intraepithelial lymphocyte counts in four patients, with otherwise normal jejunal histology, in whom no cause had been found to explain prolonged and incapacitating gastrointestinal symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.12.12.988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"988-994","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":314,"title":["Quantitation of intraepithelial lymphocytes in human jejunum"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1971,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"Intestinal biopsy","volume-title":"tropical sprue. In Intestinal Biopsy (Ciba Foundation Study Group","volume":"14","author":"Baker, S.J.; Ignatius, M.; Mathan, V.I.; Vaish, S.K.; Chacko, C.C.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Baker, S. J., Ignatius, M., Mathan, V. I., Vaish, S. K., and Chacko, C. C. (1962). Intestinal biopsy in tropical sprue. In Intestinal Biopsy (Ciba Foundation Study Group No. 14) edited by G. E. W. Wolstenholme and M. P. Cameron, pp. 84-101. Churchill, London."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Dissecting microscope appearances of intestinal mucosa","volume-title":"Intestinal Biopsy (Ciba Foundation Study Group","volume":"14","author":"Booth, C.C.; Stewart, J.S.; Holmes, R.; Brackenbury, W.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Booth, C. C., Stewart, J. S., Holmes, R., and Brackenbury, W. (1962). Dissecting microscope appearances of intestinal mucosa. In Intestinal Biopsy (Ciba Foundation Study Group No. 14) edited by G. E. W. Wolstenholme and M. P. Cameron, pp. 2-23. Churchill, London."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"813","article-title":"Epithelial lymphocytes in the small intestine of the mouse","volume":"100","author":"Darlington, D.; Rogers, A.W.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Darlington, D., and Rogers, A. W. (1966). Epithelial lymphocytes in the small intestine of the mouse. J. Anat. (Lond.), 100, 813-830.","journal-title":"J. Anat. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1963.03060110068020","article-title":"Statistics in the practice of medicine","volume":"185","author":"Hoffmann, R.G.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Hoffmann, R. G. (1963). Statistics in the practice of medicine. J. Amer. med. Ass., 185, 864-873.","journal-title":"J. Amer. med. Ass"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"320","article-title":"The pathology of malabsorption states","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Pathology","author":"Hourihane, D.O.'B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Hourihane, D. O'B. (1966). The pathology of malabsorption states. In Recent Advances in Pathology, 8th ed., edited by C. V. Harrison, pp. 320-347. Churchill, London.","edition":"8th ed"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"887","article-title":"Lymphocytes in Whipple's disease","volume":"1","author":"Maxwell, J.D.; Ferguson, A.; McKay, A.M.; Imrie, R.C.; Watson, W.C.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Maxwell, J. D., Ferguson, A., McKay, A. M., Imrie, R. C., and Watson, W. C. (1968). Lymphocytes in Whipple's disease. Lancet, 1, 887-889.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001210318","article-title":"Electron and light microscopic observations on relationships between lymphocytes and intestinal epithelium","volume":"121","author":"Meader, R.D.; Landers, D.F.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Meader, R. D., and Landers, D. F. (1967). Electron and light microscopic observations on relationships between lymphocytes and intestinal epithelium. Amer. J. Anat., 121, 763-774.","journal-title":"Amer. J. Anat"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"425","article-title":"A study of proximal and distal intestinal structure and absorptive function in idiopathic steatorrhoea","volume":"36","author":"Stewart, J.S.; Pollock, D.J.; Hoffbrand, A.V.; Mollin, D.L.; Booth, C.C.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Stewart, J. S., Pollock, D. J., Hoffbrand, A. V., Mollin, D. L., and Booth, C. C. (1967). A study of proximal and distal intestinal structure and absorptive function in idiopathic steatorrhoea. Quart. J. Med., 36, 425-444.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(71)80076-X","article-title":"Intraepithelial cells in the human intestinal mucosa","volume":"34","author":"Toner, P.G.; Ferguson, A.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Toner, P. G., and Ferguson, A. (1971). Intraepithelial cells in the human intestinal mucosa. J. ultrastruct. Res., 34, 329-344.","journal-title":"J. ultrastruct. 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