{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T13:46:03Z","timestamp":1765633563415,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1971,9]]},"abstract":"\n Intestinal monosaccharide transport was studied in a series of rats with a self-filling jejunal blind loop using 3mM arbutin (p-hydroxyphenyl-B-glucoside) or 1mM D-fructose as substrate\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and 10 mM arbutin or 5mM D-fructose\n in vivo.<\/jats:italic>\n These results were compared with changes in the bacterial flora and state of conjugation of intraluminal bile salts in those animals. Observations were also made of the microscopic and ultrastructural appearances of the small-intestinal epithelium.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n In the small intestine of blind-loop rats intestinal monosaccharide transport is impaired, and\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n is most marked in the blind loop, less so in the efferent jejunum, and not significantly altered in the afferent jejunum. A similar pattern of disturbed monosaccharide absorption was demonstrated by perfusions\n in vivo.<\/jats:italic>\n The degree of the transport defect correlates closely with the luxuriance of the anaerobic flora, which averaged 10\n 8<\/jats:sup>\n per millilitre in the blind loop, 10\n 7<\/jats:sup>\n in the efferent jejunum, and 10\n 6<\/jats:sup>\n in the afferent jejunum. A similar pattern of abnormality of bile salt conjugation occurred. In the blind loop the ratio of free to conjugated bile salts was grossly abnormal; this disturbance was somewhat less marked in the efferent jejunum and considerably less in the intraluminal contents of the afferent jejunum. An irregularly distributed lesion, consisting of swelling and vacuolation of microvilli and intracellular organelles, was demonstrated in the small-intestinal epithelium of blind-loop animals.\n <\/jats:p>\n Impaired absorption of monosaccharides is a further consequence of bacterial contamination of the upper gut. It is suggested that this defect is caused by the presence of high levels of deconjugated bile salts produced by an abnormal anaerobic bacterial flora in the small intestine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.12.9.683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"683-692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Bacteria, bile salts, and intestinal monosaccharide malabsorption"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Gracey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ademola","family":"Oshin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric F.","family":"Glasgow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1971,9,1]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","year":"1951","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Lowry, 0. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(64)90266-1","article-title":"Studies onthe mechanism of intestinal absorption of sugars. VII. Phenylglycoside transport and its possible relationship to phlorizin inhibition of the active transport of sugars by the small intestine","volume":"93","author":"Alvarado, F.; Crane, R.K.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Alvarado, F., and Crane, R. K. (1964). Studies onthe mechanism of intestinal absorption of sugars. VII. Phenylglycoside transport and its possible relationship to phlorizin inhibition of the active transport of sugars by the small intestine. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.), 93, 116-135.","journal-title":"Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1960.tb00188.x","article-title":"A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli","volume":"23","author":"de Man, J.C.; Rogosa, M.; Sharpe, M.E.","year":"1960","unstructured":"de Man, J. C., Rogosa, M., and Sharpe, M. E. (1960). A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. appl. Bact., 23, 130-135.","journal-title":"J. appl. Bact"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"171","article-title":"The jejunal mucosa in malabsorptivestates with high bacterial counts","author":"Paulley, J.W.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Paulley, J. W. (1969). The jejunal mucosa in malabsorptivestates with high bacterial counts. In Malabsorption, edited by R. H. Girdwood and A. N. Smith, pp. 171-181. University of Edinburgh Press."},{"year":"1964","key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Poley, J. R., Dower, J. C., Owen, C. A. Jr., and Stickler, G. B. (1964)."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(66)90026-2","article-title":"Action of bile salts on the metabolism and transport of water-soluble nutrients by perfused rat jejunum in vitro","volume":"130","author":"Pope, J.L.; M., Parkinson T.; Olson, J.A.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Pope, J. L., Parkinson. T. M., and Olson, J. A. (1966). Action of bile salts on the metabolism and transport of water-soluble nutrients by perfused rat jejunum in vitro. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.), 130, 218-232.","journal-title":"Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(69)90041-8","article-title":"Studies on intestinal sucrase and sugar transport VII. A method for measuring intestinal uptake. The absorption of the anomeric forms of some monosaccharides","volume":"173","author":"Semenza, G.; Mulhaupt, E.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Semenza, G., and Mulhaupt, E. (1969). Studies on intestinal sucrase and sugar transport VII. A method for measuring intestinal uptake. The absorption of the anomeric forms of some monosaccharides. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.), 173, 104-112.","journal-title":"Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.)"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"41","article-title":"Effect of bile acids on the small intestinal mucosa in Man and rats; a light and electron microscopic study","volume":"1967","author":"Shiner, M.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Shiner, M. (1969). Effect of bile acids on the small intestinal mucosa in Man and rats; a light and electron microscopic study. In Bile Salt Metabolism, edited by L. Schiff, J. B. Carey, and J. Dietschy (Conference, Cincinnati, 1967), pp. 41-55."},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"The determination of bile acids in bile and duodenal contents by quantitative chromatography: Bile acids and steroids","author":"Sjovall, J.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Sjovall, J. (1959). 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Pddiat"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.12.9.683","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T13:42:44Z","timestamp":1765633364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.12.9.683"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1971,9]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1971,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1971,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.12.9.683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.12.9.683","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1971,9]]}}}