{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:47:48Z","timestamp":1764996468312,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An investigation of 102 men comprising alcoholics, patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, and healthy controls is reported. It demonstrates that alcohol is a cause of chronic gastritis and the severity of the mucosal lesion is directly related to the duration of excess drinking. Contrary to popular belief, chronic gastritis does not give rise to symptoms. The effect of alcohol on the gastric mucosa is a direct one and is not mediated by malnutrition, hepatic damage, intestinal malabsorption, anaemia, ascorbic acid deficiency, or any disturbance in immune tolerance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The natural history of chronic gastritis is described, involving an initial hypertrophy and hyperfunction of the gastric mucosa, followed by atrophy and hypofunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Cigarette smoking is confirmed as another cause of chronic gastritis. The non-ulcer dyspepsia syndrome is unrelated to chronic gastritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.13.10.768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"768-774","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Chronic gastritis, alcohol, and non-ulcer dyspepsia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"D. M.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1972,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-36-428-578","article-title":"The radiological diagnosis of gastric atrophy","volume":"36","year":"1963","unstructured":"Bock, 0. A. A., Kemp, F. H., and Richards, W. C. D. (1963). The radiological diagnosis of gastric atrophy. Brit. J. Radiol., 36, 578-582.","journal-title":"Brit. J. Radiol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.7.4.333","article-title":"Cell loss from human gastric mucosa measured by the estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in gastric washings","volume":"7","author":"Croft, D.N.; Pollock, D.J.; Coghill, N.F.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Croft, D. N., Pollock, D. J., and Coghill, N. F. (1966). Cell loss from human gastric mucosa measured by the estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in gastric washings. Gut, 7, 333-343.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5527.1409","article-title":"Aetiological factors in chronic atrophic gastritis","volume":"2","author":"Edwards, F.C.; Coghill, N.F.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Edwards, F. C., and Coghill, N. F. (1966). Aetiological factors in chronic atrophic gastritis. Brit. med. J., 2, 1409-1415.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"269","article-title":"Gastric biopsy. A study of 1,000 consecutive successful gastric biopsies","volume":"24","author":"Joske, R.A.; Finckh, E.S.; Wood, I.J.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Joske, R. A., Finckh, E. S., and Wood, I. J. (1955). Gastric biopsy. A study of 1,000 consecutive successful gastric biopsies. Quart. J. Med., 24, 269-294.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"The nature of chronic gastritis in young men","author":"Roberts, D.M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Roberts, D. M. (1971). The nature of chronic gastritis in young men. MD thesis, University of London."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02233978","article-title":"Enteritis and gastritis in young asymptomatic Pakistani men","volume":"11","author":"Russell, P.K.; Aziz, M.A.; Ahmad, N.; Kent, T.H.; Gangarosa, E.J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Russell, P. K., Aziz, M. A., Ahmad, N., Kent, T. H., and Gangarosa, E. J. (1966). Enteritis and gastritis in young asymptomatic Pakistani men. Amer. J. dig. Dis., 11, 296-306.","journal-title":"Amer. J. dig. Dis"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(57)80141-3","article-title":"A study ofx-ray negative dyspepsia with reference to histologic changes in the gastric mucosa","volume":"32","author":"Shiner, M.; Doniach, I.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Shiner, M., and Doniach, I. (1957). A study ofx-ray negative dyspepsia with reference to histologic changes in the gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology, 32, 313-324.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4961.256","article-title":"Effects of alcohol on gastric mucosa","volume":"1","author":"Williams, A.W.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Williams, A. W. (1956). Effects of alcohol on gastric mucosa. Brit. med. J., 1, 256-259.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.5.1.27","article-title":"Vitamin B1, deficiency in chronic gastritis","volume":"5","author":"Wood, I.J.; Ralston, M.; Ungar, B.; Cowling, D.C.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Wood, I. J., Ralston, M., Ungar, B., and Cowling, D. C. (1964). Vitamin B1, deficiency in chronic gastritis. Gut, 5, 27-37.","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.13.10.768","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:31:50Z","timestamp":1764995510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.13.10.768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1972,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1972,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.13.10.768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.13.10.768","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1972,10]]}}}