{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T07:23:21Z","timestamp":1783409001884,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The bile ducts were visualised using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous or intravenous cholangiography in 38 patients with non-gallstone chronic pancreatitis. Stenosis of the intrapancreatic portion of the distal common bile duct was demonstrated in 11 patients. Ten of the 11 developed transient cholestasis during exacerbations of their chronic pancreatitis. In six cholestasis eventually persisted requiring surgical relief. Secondary biliary cirrhosis was present in one patient. No evidence of pancreatic carcinoma was found in the patients explored surgically. Ten of the patients are alive more than one year after diagnosis.Chronic pancreatitis was of alcoholic aetiology in 10 of the patients with biliary stenosis. Cholestasis and biliary stricture are common but poorly recognised complications of non-gallstone chronic pancreatitis, especially when pancreatitis is severe and due to alcohol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.18.3.196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"196-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Chronic pancreatitis: a cause of cholestasis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Summerfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Sherlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197402282900904","article-title":"Gallstone migration as a cause of acute pancreatitis","volume":"290","author":"Acosta, J.M.; Ledesma, C.L.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Acosta, J. M., and Ledesma, C. L. (1974). Gallstone migration as a cause of acute pancreatitis. New England Journal of Medicine, 290, 484-487.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"195","volume":"Pancreatitis,","author":"Baggenstoss, A.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Baggenstoss, A. H. (1973). Pancreatitis, pp. 195-200. Edited by E. E. Gambill. Mosby: St. Louis."},{"key":"ref_3","author":"Beckett, A.G.; Livingstone, A.V.; Hill, K.R.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Beckett, A. G., Livingstone, A. V., and Hill, K. R. (1961)."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1113","volume":"2","author":"alcoholic hepatitis, Acute","unstructured":"Acute alcoholic hepatitis. British Medical Journal, 2, 1113-1119.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1955.00250140030003","article-title":"Clinical features of acute inflammation of the pancreas","volume":"96","author":"Bockus, H.L.; Kalser, M.H.; Roth, J.L.A.; Bogoch, A.L.; Stein, G.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Bockus, H. L., Kalser, M. H., Roth, J. L. A., Bogoch, A. L., and Stein, G. (1955). Clinical features of acute inflammation of the pancreas. Archives of Internal Medicine, 96, 308-321.","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"105","volume":"1","author":"Bouchier, I.A.D.; Youngs, G.R.; Agnew, J.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Bouchier, I. A. D., Youngs, G. R., and Agnew, J. E. (1972). Pancreatic scanning. Clinics in Gastroenterology, 1, 105-118.","journal-title":"Pancreatic scanning. Clinics in Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-195405000-00007","article-title":"The relationship of acute and chronic cholecystitis to acute pancreatitis","volume":"47","author":"Coffey, R.J.","year":"1954","unstructured":"Coffey, R. J. (1954). The relationship of acute and chronic cholecystitis to acute pancreatitis. Southern Medical Journal, 47, 448-451.","journal-title":"Southern Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"376","article-title":"Chronic relapsing pancreatitis","volume":"6","author":"Comfort, M.W.; Gambill, E.E.; Baggenstoss, A.H.","year":"1946","unstructured":"Comfort, M. W., Gambill, E. E., and Baggenstoss, A. H. (1946). Chronic relapsing pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 6, 376-408.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_9","author":"Dreiling, D.A.; Janowitz, P.I.D.; Perrier, C.V.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Dreiling, D. A., Janowitz, P. I. D., and Perrier, C. V. (1964)."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Pancreatico-jejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis","volume":"41","author":"DuVal, Jr, M.K.","year":"1957","unstructured":"DuVal, M. K., Jr. (1957). Pancreatico-jejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis. Surgery, 41, 1019-1028.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"55","article-title":"Acute fatty metamorphosis of the liver","author":"Goldberg, M.; Thompson, C.M.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Goldberg, M., and Thompson, C. M. (1961). Acute fatty metamorphosis of the liver. Annals of Internal Medicine, 55,416-432.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"387","article-title":"Correlation of the histologic observations and operative findings in patients with chronic pancreatitis","volume":"132","author":"Howard, J.M.; Nedwich, A.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Howard, J. M., and Nedwich, A. (1971). Correlation of the histologic observations and operative findings in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, 132, 387-395.","journal-title":"Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.44.515.733","article-title":"Chronic pancreatitis: medical aspects","volume":"44","author":"Howat, H.T.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Howat, H. T. (1968). Chronic pancreatitis: medical aspects. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 44, 733-736.","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.7.582","article-title":"The Lundh test. Progress report","volume":"14","author":"James, 0","year":"1973","unstructured":"James, 0. (1973). The Lundh test. Progress report. Gut, 14, 582-591.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5909.34","article-title":"Chronic pancreatitis in England: a changing picture?","volume":"2","author":"James, O.; Agnew, J.E.; Bouchier, I.A.D.","year":"1974","unstructured":"James, O., Agnew, J. E., and Bouchier, I. A. D. (1974). Chronic pancreatitis in England: a changing picture? British Medical Journal, 2, 34-38.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1973.tb129743.x","article-title":"Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography with special reference to Manometric method","volume":"2","author":"Kasugai, T.; Kuno, N.; Kizu, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kasugai, T., Kuno, N., and Kizu, M. (1973). Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography with special reference to Manometric method. Medical Journal of Australia, 2, 717-725.","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"227","article-title":"Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography II. The pathological endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram","volume":"63","author":"Kasugai, T.; Kuno, N.; Kizu, M.; Kobayashi, S.; Hattori, K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kasugai, T., Kuno, N., Kizu, M., Kobayashi, S., and Hattori, K. (1972b). Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography II. The pathological endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram. Gastroenterology, 63, 227-234.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"217","article-title":"Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography I. The normal endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram","volume":"63","author":"Kasugai, T.; Kuno, N.; Kobayashi, S.; Hattori, K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kasugai, T., Kuno, N., Kobayashi, S., and Hattori, K. (1972a). Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography I. The normal endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram. Gastroenterology, 63, 217-226.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197508000-00005","article-title":"Obstructive jaundice in patients with pancreatitis without associated biliary tract disease","volume":"182","author":"McCollum, W.B.; Jordan, P.H.","year":"1975","unstructured":"McCollum, W. B., and Jordan, P. H. (1975). Obstructive jaundice in patients with pancreatitis without associated biliary tract disease. Annals of Surgery, 182, 116-120.","journal-title":"Annals of Surgery"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"412","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of pancreatitis","volume":"1","author":"Marks, I.N.; Bank, S.; Louw, J.H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Marks, I. N., Bank, S., and Louw, J. H. (1968). The diagnosis and management of pancreatitis. Progress in Gastroenterology, 1, 412-472.","journal-title":"Progress in Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(72)80111-2","article-title":"Threedimensional reconstruction of the pancreatic ducts in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"62","author":"Nakamura, K.; Sarles, H.; Payan, H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Nakamura, K., Sarles, H., and Payan, H. (1972). Threedimensional reconstruction of the pancreatic ducts in chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 62, 942-949.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01073350","article-title":"Nonsurgical percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography-Diagnostic significance in medical problems of the liver","volume":"19","author":"Okuda, K.; Tanikawa, K.; Emura, T.; Kuratomi, S.; Jinnouchi, S.; Urabe, K.; Sumikoshi, T.; Kanda, Y.; Kukuyama, Y.; Musha, H.; Mori, H.; Shimokawa, Y.; Yakushiji, F.; Matsuura, Y.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Okuda, K., Tanikawa, K., Emura, T., Kuratomi, S., Jinnouchi, S., Urabe, K., Sumikoshi, T., Kanda, Y., Kukuyama, Y., Musha, H., Mori, H., Shimokawa, Y., Yakushiji, F., and Matsuura, Y. (1974). Nonsurgical percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography-Diagnostic significance in medical problems of the liver. American Journal of Digestive Diseases, 19, 21-36.","journal-title":"American Journal of Digestive Diseases"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"614","article-title":"Chronic pancreatic disease: a common cause of obstructive jaundice in Ugandan Africans?","volume":"49","author":"Owor, R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Owor, R. (1972). Chronic pancreatic disease: a common cause of obstructive jaundice in Ugandan Africans? East African Medical Journal, 49, 614-619.","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"371","article-title":"Symposium on the etiology and pathological anatomy of chronic pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Perrier, C.V.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Perrier, C. V. (1964). Symposium on the etiology and pathological anatomy of chronic pancreatitis. Marseilles, 1963. Anterican Journal of Digestive Diseases, 9, 371-376.","journal-title":"Anterican Journal of Digestive Diseases"},{"key":"ref_25","author":"Rohrmann, C.A.; Silvis, S.E.; Vennes, J.A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Rohrmann, C. A., Silvis, S. E., and Vennes, J. A. (1974)."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(74)80050-8","article-title":"Chronic calcifying pancreatitis-chronic alcoholic pancreatitis","volume":"66","author":"Sarles, H.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Sarles, H. (1974). Chronic calcifying pancreatitis-chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 66, 604-616.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"25","article-title":"Liver Biopsy Interpretation","author":"Scheuer, P.J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Scheuer, P. J. (1973). Liver Biopsy Interpretation. 2nd edn, p. 25. Bailliere Tindall: London.","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"ref_28","article-title":"Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System","author":"Sherlock, S.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Sherlock, S. (1975). Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 5th edn. Blackwell: Oxford.","edition":"5th edn"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80405-2","article-title":"Marked alkaline phosphatase elevation with partial common bile duct obstruction due to calcific pancreatitis","volume":"70","author":"Snape, Jr, W.J.; Long, W.B.; Trotman, B.W.; Marin, G.A.; Czaja, A.; J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Snape, W. J., Jr, Long, W. B., Trotman, B. W., Marin, G. A., and Czaja, A., J. (1976). Marked alkaline phosphatase elevation with partial common bile duct obstruction due to calcific pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 70, 70-73.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80496-9","article-title":"Persistent obstructive jaundice, cholangitis and biliary cirrhosis due to common bile duct stenosis in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"70","author":"Warshaw, A.L.; Schapiro, R.H.; Ferrucci, Jr, J.T.; Galdabini, J.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Warshaw, A. L., Schapiro, R. H., Ferrucci, J. T., Jr, and Galdabini, J. J. (1976). Persistent obstructive jaundice, cholangitis and biliary cirrhosis due to common bile duct stenosis in chronic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology, 70, 562-567.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_31","author":"Weinstein, B.R.; Korn, R.J.; Zimmerman, H.J.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Weinstein, B. R., Korn, R. J., and Zimmerman, H. J. (1963)."},{"key":"ref_32","article-title":"Radioselenium in duodenal aspirate as an assessment of pancreatic exocrine function","author":"Youngs, G.R.; Agnew, J.E.; Levin, G.E.; Bouchier, I.A.D.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Youngs, G. R., Agnew, J. E., Levin, G. E., and Bouchier, I. A. D. (1971). Radioselenium in duodenal aspirate as an assessment of pancreatic exocrine function. British Medical"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"2","volume":"Journal,","unstructured":"Journal, 2,252-255."}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.18.3.196","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T19:19:26Z","timestamp":1765653566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.18.3.196"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1977,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.18.3.196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.18.3.196","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1977,3]]}}}