{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:21:13Z","timestamp":1792653673004,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background and aims:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In liver cirrhosis, disruption of the intestinal barrier facilitates bacterial translocation and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an anabolic hormone synthesised by hepatocytes that displays hepatoprotective activities and trophic effects on the intestine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IGF-I on intestinal barrier function in cirrhotic rats.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In rats with carbon tetrachloride induced cirrhosis, we investigated the effect of IGF-I therapy on: (a) portal pressure; (b) intestinal histology and permeability to endotoxin and bacteria; (c) intestinal expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), two factors that influence in a positive and negative manner, respectively, the integrity of the intestinal barrier; (d) intestinal permeability to\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    H-mannitol in rats with bile duct ligation (BDL); and (e) transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of polarised monolayers of rat small intestine epithelial cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    IGF-I therapy reduced liver collagen expression and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats, induced improvement in intestinal histology, and caused a reduction in bacterial translocation and endotoxaemia. These changes were associated with diminished TNF-\u03b1 expression and elevated COX-2 levels in the intestine. IGF-I reduced intestinal permeability in BDL rats and enhanced barrier function of the monolayers of epithelial intestinal cells where lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused a decrease in TER that was reversed by IGF-I. This effect of IGF-I was associated with upregulation of COX-2 in LPS treated enterocytes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    IGF-I enhances intestinal barrier function and reduces endotoxaemia and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats. IGF-I therapy might be useful in the prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.079988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]],"date-time":"2006-01-24T21:38:07Z","timestamp":1138138687000},"page":"1306-1312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Insulin-like growth factor I improves intestinal barrier function in cirrhotic rats"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"V","family":"Lorenzo-Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Ortigosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Bartol\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M-L","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Chantar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Ojanguren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Planas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80308-3"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250327"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00617-8","volume":"21","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.2.283"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.7.1054"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80185-3"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1990.70.3.591","volume":"70","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.8","first-page":"355","volume":"86","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-16-1-3"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010631800505"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(01)00045-X","volume":"1536","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9352873"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9322513"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.14","first-page":"G37","volume":"276","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G319","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2000.279.2.C319","volume":"279","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.16","first-page":"122","volume":"28","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310308"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303175"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1993.01420130051009"},{"key":"2025121304320508000_55.9.1306.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lund PK. 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