{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:45:55Z","timestamp":1791276355005,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow (MSCs) may have the potential to differentiate\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      into hepatocytes. We investigated whether transplanted human MSCs (hMSCs) may engraft the liver of non-obese diabetic severe combined immuno-deficient (NOD\/SCID) mice and differentiate into cells of hepatic lineage.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      expanded, highly purified and functionally active hMSCs from bone marrow were transplanted (caudal vein) in sublethally irradiated NOD\/SCID mice that were either exposed or not to acute liver injury or submitted to a protocol of chronic injury (single or chronic intraperitoneal injection of CCl\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      , respectively). Chimeric livers were analysed for expression of human transcripts and antigens.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liver engraftment of cells of human origin was very low in normal and acutely injured NOD\/SCID mice with significantly higher numbers found in chronically injured livers. However, hepatocellular differentiation was relatively rare, limited to a low number of cells (ranging from less than 0.1% to 0.23%) as confirmed by very low or not detectable levels of human transcripts for \u03b1-fetoprotein, CK18, CK19 and albumin in either normal or injured livers. Finally, a significant number of cells of human origin exhibited a myofibroblast-like morphology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transplanted hMSCs have the potential to migrate into normal and injured liver parenchyma, particularly under conditions of chronic injury, but differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells is a rare event and pro-fibrogenic potential of hMSC transplant should be not under-evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.111617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,16]],"date-time":"2007-07-16T20:33:48Z","timestamp":1184618028000},"page":"223-231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":238,"title":["Human mesenchymal stem cells as a two-edged sword in hepatic regenerative medicine: engraftment and hepatocyte differentiation versus profibrogenic 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