{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T09:44:43Z","timestamp":1793094283074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the demographics and incidence of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus diagnosis using community-based data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kaiser Permanente, Northern California healthcare membership, 1994\u20132006.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Members with an electronic diagnosis of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence and prevalence of a new Barrett\u2019s oesophagus diagnosis by race, sex, age and calendar year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>4205 persons met the study definition for a diagnosis of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus. The annual incidence in 2006 was highest among non-Hispanic whites (39\/100\u2009000 race-specific member-years, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 35 to 43), with lower rates among Hispanics (22\/100\u2009000, 95% CI 16 to 29), Asians (16\/100\u2009000, 95% CI 11 to 22), and blacks (6\/100\u2009000, 95% CI 2 to 12). The annual incidence was higher among men than women (31 vs 17\/100\u2009000, respectively, year 2006; p&lt;0.01). The incidence increased with age from 2 per 100\u2009000 for persons aged 21\u201330 years, to a peak of 31 per 100\u2009000 member-years for persons aged 61\u201370 years (year 2006). There was no increase in the incidence of new diagnoses until the last two observation years, which coincided with changes in data collection methods and may be due to bias. The overall prevalence among active members increased almost linearly to 131\/100\u2009000 member-years by 2006.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The demographic distributions of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus differ markedly by race, age and sex and were comparable to those for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Thus, demographic disparities in oesophageal adenocarcinoma risk may arise partly from the risk of having Barrett\u2019s oesophagus, rather than from differing risks of progression from Barrett\u2019s oesophagus to cancer. There has been an almost linear increase in the prevalence of diagnosed disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.163360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,31]],"date-time":"2008-10-31T20:59:00Z","timestamp":1225486740000},"page":"182-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Race, ethnicity, sex and temporal differences in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus diagnosis: a large community-based study, 1994\u20132006"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"D A","family":"Corley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T R","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Block","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Habel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Rumore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Quesenberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Buffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji024"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.6.1415"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10940"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04131.x"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh265"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.6","first-page":"2","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of esophageal cancer.","volume":"26","author":"Blot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31599","article-title":"Esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett\u2019s metaplasia has regional variations in the west.","volume":"122","author":"Jankowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2)","key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-199612002-00009","article-title":"Barrett\u2019s esophagus: ordering the events that lead to cancer.","volume":"5","author":"Reid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.9302"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.01351.x"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91510-B","article-title":"Barrett\u2019s esophagus: age, prevalence, and extent of columnar epithelium [see comments].","volume":"103","author":"Cameron","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025120523183482000_58.2.182.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90607-3","article-title":"Prevalence of columnar-lined (Barrett\u2019s) esophagus. 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