{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T03:29:27Z","timestamp":1770434967277,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Excess body mass is associated with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and cross-sectional studies suggest an association between body mass index (BMI) and Barrett\u2019s oesophagus. The present study sought prospectively to examine the influence of BMI and other anthropomorphic measures on the risk for Barrett\u2019s oesophagus among women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a prospective study of 15\u2009861 women who participated in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study, without a history of cancer, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for any reason between 1986 and 2004. The main outcome measures were 261 cases of pathologically confirmed specialised intestinal metaplasia within the oesophagus (Barrett\u2019s oesophagus). Self-reported data on weight were collected from biennial questionnaires. Self-reported height was collected in 1976, and self-reported waist and hip circumferences were collected in 1986.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with women with a BMI of 20\u201324.9 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, women with a BMI of 25\u201329.9 had a multivariate OR for Barrett\u2019s oesophagus of 0.92 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.27), women with a BMI \u2a7e30 had a multivariate OR of 1.52 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.28) and women with a BMI &lt;20 had a multivariate OR of 0.92 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.31). Results were similar when controlling for symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and among the entire Nurses\u2019 Health Study cohort (n\u200a=\u200a93\u2009609) regardless of a history of endoscopy. In contrast, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference and height did not appear to be associated with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obese, but not overweight, women appear to be at increased risk for Barrett\u2019s oesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.174508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,31]],"date-time":"2009-03-31T20:14:10Z","timestamp":1238530450000},"page":"1460-1466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Body mass index and Barrett\u2019s oesophagus in women"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"B C","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A T","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E L","family":"Giovannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C S","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800820528","article-title":"Ambulatory oesophageal bile reflux monitoring in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus.","volume":"82","author":"Caldwell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8898632"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65346-1","article-title":"Molecular evolution of the metaplasia\u2013dysplasia\u2013adenocarcinoma sequence in the esophagus.","volume":"154","author":"Jankowski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9041237"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(05)70308-3"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90847-X","article-title":"Barrett\u2019s esophagus: a prevalent, occult complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease.","volume":"92","author":"Winters","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.34748"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.09.030"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90607-3","article-title":"Prevalence of columnar-lined (Barrett\u2019s) esophagus: comparison of population-based and autopsy findings.","volume":"99","author":"Cameron","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.10","first-page":"2037","article-title":"The incidence of adenocarcinoma and dysplasia in Barrett\u2019s esophagus.","volume":"94","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90349-2"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.12","first-page":"161","article-title":"The UK national Barrett\u2019s oesophagus registry: a study between two centres.","volume":"7","author":"Caygill","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.15.1972"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp012118"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.136.11.1267"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.16","first-page":"27","article-title":"The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications with Barrett\u2019s esophagus.","volume":"92","author":"Eisen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.17","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Risk factors for Barrett\u2019s esophagus in community-based practice.","volume":"92","author":"Lieberman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90090-8","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma and Barrett\u2019s esophagus: an overrated risk?","volume":"87","author":"Spechler","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198510033131404","article-title":"The incidence of adenocarcinoma in columnar-lined (Barrett\u2019s) esophagus.","volume":"313","author":"Cameron","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.18.2331"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.08702.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.9302"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.534"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07666.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-3-200508020-00006"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054391"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.1.66"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520212502"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-0748"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39367.495995.AE"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00003"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.116665"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.13.1549"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63269-2","article-title":"Increasing incidence of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus: education, enthusiasm, or epidemiology?","volume":"350","author":"Prach","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.063685"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981115)83:10<2049::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460100089030"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19961015)78:8<1820::AID-CNCR25>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.4.645"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.046"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02674.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.05.026"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41703.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0370"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199011000-00009"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.5.991"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114086","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.","volume":"122","author":"Willett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.16.1798"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/126.2.319"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6998.158"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(99)00020-4"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.12.032"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.016"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01426.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70025-8"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi325"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.3.368"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01621.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01618.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.00251.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.131672"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.131243"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0224"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01823.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.07.035"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01835.x"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70571-8"},{"key":"2025090712034584000_58.11.1460.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.083600"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2008.174508","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T19:03:53Z","timestamp":1757271833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2008.174508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.2008.174508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2008.174508","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]]}}}