{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:08:00Z","timestamp":1766268480446,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Folate has been implicated as a potential aetiological factor for colorectal cancer. Previous research has not adequately exploited concentrations of folate in normal colonic mucosal biopsies to examine the issue.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs of adenoma according to the tissue concentration of folate using asymptomatic average-risk women (40\u201370\u2005years) in a colorectal cancer screening study. Of the 1593 eligible women who were offered enrolment, 1483 (93%) participated. Colonoscopy was complete to the caecum in 98.7% (1463\/1483) of the subjects, and normal colonic tissue biopsies were obtained from 813 (56%) of these, of whom 170 had at least one adenoma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A marginal reduction in risk for proximal adenomas (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.09) but not distal adenomas (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.37) was observed among women in the highest quintile of tissue folate concentration. A significant reduction in risk for advanced adenoma was observed for women in the highest quintile of tissue folate concentration (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.93). Defining the outcome as proximal adenomatous and\/or hyperplastic polyps, statistically significant inverse associations with tissue concentrations of folate were also observed (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.95 for quintile 5 vs quintile 1).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that folate status of colonic mucosa is an exposure that is aetiologically important in determining the risk of particular molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.208074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]],"date-time":"2010-11-10T21:09:57Z","timestamp":1289423397000},"page":"66-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Concentration of folate in colorectal tissue biopsies predicts prevalence of adenomatous polyps"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Flood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel B","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooks D","family":"Cash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Schatzkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip S","family":"Schoenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda J","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.1","unstructured":"Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective. American Institute for Cancer Research\/World Cancer Research Fund. Washington, DC, 2007."},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1083557"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.2.129","article-title":"Folate and carcinogenesis: an integrated scheme","volume":"130","author":"Choi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.38.5.285"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.10.013"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90186-I"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81333-1"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.8","first-page":"3370","article-title":"Association between CpG island methylation and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer","volume":"57","author":"Ahuja","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8681"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1507"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-1596"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35392"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.60.6.1288"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgn074"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07357900801970992"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3662"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042990"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.45.4.344"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.19","unstructured":"Tamura T . Microbiologic assay of folate. In: Picciano MF Stockstad ELR Gregory JF , eds. Folic Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1990:121\u201337."},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.12.1089"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10635"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00002"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24324"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70127-6"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.4.866","article-title":"Colonic mucosal concentrations of folate correlate well with blood measurements of folate status in persons with colorectal polyps","volume":"68","author":"Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.26","first-page":"715","article-title":"Colonic mucosal concentrations of folate are accurately predicted by blood measurements of folate status among individuals ingesting physiologic quantities of folate","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0727"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90563-4","article-title":"Natural history of untreated colonic polyps","volume":"93","author":"Stryker","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.122739"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.30","first-page":"6011","article-title":"Morphological and molecular heterogeneity within nonmicrosatellite instability-high colorectal cancer","volume":"62","author":"Whitehall","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.150","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of CpG island methylation in hyperplastic polyps","volume":"23","author":"Vaughn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213313.36306.85"},{"key":"2025090723084360000_60.1.66.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2009.00190.x"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2010.208074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T06:08:57Z","timestamp":1757311737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2010.208074"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.2010.208074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2010.208074","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]]}}}