{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:02:57Z","timestamp":1790744577437,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oesophageal intraluminal impedance is currently used for assessment of reflux in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Oesophageal mucosa integrity may have a key role in heartburn perception in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). Severe erosive oesophagitis is associated with low impedance baseline. We hypothesised that impedance baseline measurements could be used to evaluate changes in oesophageal mucosa integrity in man.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We measured oesophageal impedance baseline before, during and after acid perfusion in rabbits and healthy subjects. Transepithelial resistance (TER) was determined and dilated intercellular spaces (DIS) were assessed in isolated rabbit oesophageal mucosa. Impedance baseline was measured retrospectively at different levels of the oesophagus in impedance-pH recordings from asymptomatic volunteers and patients with GORD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In healthy subjects and rabbits, impedance baseline dropped dramatically during perfusion of control solution (pH 7.2) but after perfusion, impedance recovered. In rabbits, after perfusion with saline pH 1.5 and 1.0 impedance values remained a 39.1\u00b17.0% and 63.9\u00b16.5% (p&lt;0.05) lower respectively. There was a positive correlation between in vivo basal impedance and in vitro TER values (r=0.72, p=0.0021). Tissue showed no erosions but both acidic solutions induced DIS. In healthy subjects, after perfusion with saline pH 2.0 and 1.0 the impedance baseline remained lower a 21.9\u00b16.5% and 52.7\u00b15.0%, (p&lt;0.0001) respectively. Patients with GORD have a lower impedance baseline than healthy volunteers at the distal oesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Impedance baseline measurements might be used to evaluate the status of the oesophageal mucosa and to study the role of the impaired mucosal integrity in acid-induced heartburn in healthy volunteers and in patients with GORD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.233049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]],"date-time":"2011-02-08T21:12:31Z","timestamp":1297199551000},"page":"885-892","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":249,"title":["Evaluation of oesophageal mucosa integrity by the intraluminal impedance technique"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Ricard","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Blondeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vicario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Cardozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Vieth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veerle","family":"Mertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ans","family":"Pauwels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Silny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Sifrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70025-8"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00308-2"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709011212","article-title":"Heartburn without oesophagitis: efficacy of omeprazole therapy and features determining therapeutic response","volume":"32","author":"Lind","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spechler SJ . Epidemiology and natural history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Digestion 1992;(51 Suppl 1):24\u00e2\u0080\u00939.","DOI":"10.1159\/000200911"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8898633"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.24841"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90815-X","article-title":"The symptom-association probability: an improved method for symptom analysis of 24-hour esophageal pH data","volume":"107","author":"Weusten","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70014-9"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00445.2007"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miwa H Minoo T Hojo M . Oesophageal hypersensitivity in Japanese patients with non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;(20 Suppl 1):112\u00e2\u0080\u009317.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2004.01990.x"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000225673.76475.9d"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110246","article-title":"Pathophysiology of acute acid injury in rabbit esophageal epithelium","volume":"68","author":"Orlando","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.13","first-page":"198","article-title":"Morphologic alterations in early acid-induced epithelial injury of the rabbit esophagus","volume":"45","author":"Carney","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1572-0241.2003.04018.x"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655299750026155"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.194191"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000048833"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01688.x"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scarpignato C Micali B Galmiche JP . Transmucosal potential difference as an index of esophageal mucosal integrity. Digestion 1995;(56 Suppl 1):51\u00e2\u0080\u009360.","DOI":"10.1159\/000201302"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.20","first-page":"477","article-title":"Evaluation of in vivo measurement of transesophageal electrical resistance as an indicator of early experimental esophageal mucosal injury","volume":"102","author":"Kidder","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01289.x"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/26\/3\/008"},{"issue":"Suppl VI","key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.23","first-page":"A111","article-title":"Patients with severe esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus have a distinctive low intraluminal impedance. A screenning test?","volume":"53","author":"Sifrim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.113688"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.141804"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00047.2007"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.6.775"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.08.014"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.25.10.1103"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(82)80069-3","article-title":"Esophageal potential difference measurements in esophageal disease","volume":"83","author":"Orlando","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.19.5.396"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2867-3"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03237.x","article-title":"Dilated intercellular spaces and acid reflux at the distal and proximal oesophagus in patients with non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","volume":"25","author":"Caviglia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40978.x"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.265"},{"key":"2025120600134814000_60.7.885.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(10)61637-X","article-title":"Multichannel intraluminal impedance baseline values in infants before and during proton pump inhibitor therapy","volume":"138","author":"Loots","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2010.233049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T08:13:59Z","timestamp":1765008839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.2010.233049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.2010.233049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2010.233049","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]]}}}