{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:23:23Z","timestamp":1765610603719,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In India there are regions of high incidence and regions of low incidence of duodenal ulcer. Rats prefed for two weeks on diets from low incidence areas developed significantly fewer rumenal ulcers after pyloric ligation than rats fed on diets from high incidence areas. The protective action was found in various individual items of food taken from the diets of low incidence areas. Unrefined wheat and rice, certain pulses (black gram, green gram, horse gram), some millets (sava, kutki, ragi), soya bean, ladies' fingers, cabbage, spinach, and whole cream milk were protective. Refined wheat, polished rice, maize, cornflour, sorghum vulgare, sugar, bananas, amaranthus, brinjal, peanut oil, some pulses (Bengal gram, turdhal), and skimmed milk were non-protective. The protective factor seems to be either a lipid or a liposoluble substance which is active whether given orally or parenterally. Horse gram (Dolichos biflorus) is a particularly potent source.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.21.12.1068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"1068-1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Possible dietary protective factors in relation to the distribution of duodenal ulcer in India and Bangladesh."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A P","family":"Jayaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F I","family":"Tovey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C G","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.4.329","article-title":"Peptic ulcer in India and Bangladesh","volume":"20","author":"Fl, Tovey","year":"1979","unstructured":"Tovey Fl. Peptic ulcer in India and Bangladesh. Gut 1979; 20: 329-47.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.54.627.6","article-title":"A comparison of unrefined wheat and rice diets in the management of duodenal ulcer","volume":"54","author":"Malhotra, S.L.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Malhotra SL. A comparison of unrefined wheat and rice diets in the management of duodenal ulcer. Postgrad Med J 1978; 54: 6-9.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"219","article-title":"Use of experimental peptic ulcer models for drug screening","author":"Lee, Y.H.; Bianchi, R.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Lee YH, Bianchi RG. Use of experimental peptic ulcer models for drug screening. In: Pfeiffer CJ, Roth JLA, eds. Peptic ulcer. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1971: 219-348."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"369","article-title":"Protection of gastric mucosa of the rat against ulceration by prefeeding","volume-title":"with protein hydrolysate. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1948","volume":"69","author":"Shay, H.; Gruenstein, H.; Siplet, H.; Komarov, S.A.","unstructured":"Shay H, Gruenstein H, Siplet H, Komarov SA. Protection of gastric mucosa of the rat against ulceration by prefeeding with protein hydrolysate. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1948; 69:369-73."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.52.612.640","article-title":"The possibility of dietary protective factors in duodenal ulcer II. An investigation into the effect of prefeeding with different diets and of instillation of foodstuffs into the stomach on the incidence of ulcers in pylorus-ligated rats","volume":"52","author":"Jayaraj, A.P.; Fl, Tovey; Clark, C.G.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Jayaraj AP, Tovey Fl, Clark CG. The possibility of dietary protective factors in duodenal ulcer II. An investigation into the effect of prefeeding with different diets and of instillation of foodstuffs into the stomach on the incidence of ulcers in pylorus-ligated rats. Postgrad Med J 1976; 52: 640-4.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"668","article-title":"Anti-peptic ulcer dietary factor","volume":"26","author":"Cheney, G.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Cheney G. Anti-peptic ulcer dietary factor. J Am Dietetic Assoc 1950; 26: 668-72.","journal-title":"J Am Dietetic Assoc"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"144","article-title":"The nature of the anti-peptic ulcer dietary factor","volume":"8","author":"Cheney, G.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Cheney G. The nature of the anti-peptic ulcer dietary factor. Stanford Med Bull 1950; 8: 144-61.","journal-title":"Stanford Med Bull"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"248","article-title":"Vitamin U therapy of peptic ulcer","volume":"77","author":"Cheney, G.","year":"1952","unstructured":"Cheney G. Vitamin U therapy of peptic ulcer. California Med 1952; 77: 248-52.","journal-title":"California Med"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"741","article-title":"SH, Bajpal RP. Effect of Brassica oleracea var capitata in the prevention and healing of experimental peptic ulceration","volume":"50","author":"Singh, G.B.; Zaidi","year":"1962","unstructured":"Singh GB, Zaidi SH, Bajpal RP. Effect of Brassica oleracea var capitata in the prevention and healing of experimental peptic ulceration. Indian J Med Res 1962; 50: 741-9.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"60","article-title":"Richerch sperimentale sur gattone antiulcera","volume":"10","author":"Adami, E.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Adami E. Richerch sperimentale sur gattone antiulcera. Att Soc Lombard Sci Med Biol 1955; 10: 60-4.","journal-title":"Att Soc Lombard Sci Med Biol"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"113","article-title":"A new class of drugs active in gastro-duodenal ulcers","volume":"12","author":"Adami, E.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Adami E. A new class of drugs active in gastro-duodenal ulcers. Clinica Europa 9 (typescript only available). 12Adami E, Marazzi-Uberti E, Turba C. Pharmacological research on Gefarnate, a new synthetic isoprenoid with an anti ulcer action. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1964; 147:113-45.","journal-title":"Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther; Pharmacological research on Gefarnate, a new synthetic isoprenoid with an anti ulcer action"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"474","article-title":"A new way in ulcer therapy? Curr Ther","volume":"7","author":"Wissmer, B.A.L.; Adami, E.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Wissmer BAL, Adami E. A new way in ulcer therapy? Curr Ther Res 1965; 7: 474-82.","journal-title":"Res"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"The possibility of dietary protective factors in duodenal ulcer. Postgrad MedJ 1975; 51: 366-72. '. Cleave TL. 1962 Peptic ulcer","author":"Tovey, F.I.; Jayaraj, A.P.; Clark, C.G.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Tovey FI, Jayaraj AP, Clark CG. The possibility of dietary protective factors in duodenal ulcer. Postgrad MedJ 1975; 51: 366-72. '.Cleave TL. 1962 Peptic ulcer. Bristol: Wright, 1962."},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"The saccharine disease","author":"Cleave, T.L.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Cleave TL. The saccharine disease. Bristol: Wright, 1974."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"341","article-title":"Geographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease in Western Samoa","volume":"89","author":"MacLaurin, B.P.; Wardill, T.E.M.; Faaiuaso, S.T.; McKinnon, M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"MacLaurin BP, Wardill TEM, Faaiuaso ST, McKinnon M. Geographic distribution of peptic ulcer disease in Western Samoa. NZMed J 1979; 89: 341-4.","journal-title":"NZMed J"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"376","article-title":"Environmental aspects of peptic ulcer disease in Western Samoa","volume":"89","author":"MacLaurin, B.P.; Wardill, T.E.M.; Faaiuaso, S.T.","year":"1979","unstructured":"MacLaurin BP, Wardill TEM, Faaiuaso ST. Environmental aspects of peptic ulcer disease in Western Samoa. NZMedJ 1979; 89:376-8.","journal-title":"NZMedJ"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.16.7.564","article-title":"Duodenal ulcer in black population in Africa south of the Sahara","volume":"16","author":"Tovey, F.I.; Tunstall, M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Tovey FI, Tunstall M. Duodenal ulcer in black population in Africa south of the Sahara. Gut 1975; 16: 564-76.","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.21.12.1068","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:17:01Z","timestamp":1765610221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.21.12.1068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.21.12.1068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.21.12.1068","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]}}}