{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:42:59Z","timestamp":1765604579138,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The potential difference (PD) across the gastric mucosa is an index of mucosal integrity, and is lowered by topical application of irritants such as aspirin. There are basic similarities in the PD across the buccal and gastric mucosae, and we have therefore investigated the actions of various salicylates in buffered or un-buffered solution on buccal PD in human subjects. Aspirin (at pH 2) and soluble aspirin (pH 4.4) applied topically reduced buccal PD, but this fall was abolished by buffering to pH 7. Sodium salicylate likewise reduced buccal PD at pH 4 and pH 6, but not when buffered to pH 7. Two other soluble aspirin mixtures also reduced buccal PD, indicating insufficient buffering capacity to prevent topical irritancy. Ingestion of aspirin (600 mg), avoiding topical contact with the buccal mucosa, did not alter buccal PD. Paracetamol applied topically likewise failed to reduce buccal PD. Measurement of buccal PD may be useful in the preliminary assessment of the gastrointestinal irritation provoked by anti-inflammatory and other compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.22.10.798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"798-803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Changes in potential difference across the human buccal mucosa with buffered or unbuffered aspirin and salicylate."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"B J","family":"Whittle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K A","family":"Makki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"O'Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)34760-2","article-title":"Functional significance of gastric mucosal barrier to sodium","volume":"47","author":"Davenport, H.W.; Warner, H.A.; Code, C.F.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Davenport HW, Warner HA, Code CF. Functional significance of gastric mucosal barrier to sodium. Gastr.oenut'reologg. 1964; 47: 142-52.","journal-title":"Gastr.oenut'reologg"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"302","article-title":"The effect of several ulcerogenic drugs on the canine gastric mucosal barrier","volume":"79","author":"Chvasta, T.E.; Cooke, A.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Chvasta TE, Cooke AR. The effect of several ulcerogenic drugs on the canine gastric mucosal barrier. J Lab Cliii Me(l 1972; 79: 302-15.","journal-title":"J Lab Cliii Me(l"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)34511-1","article-title":"Profile of pH, pressure, and potential difference at gastroduodenal junction in man","volume":"49","author":"Andersson, S.; Ml, Grossman","year":"1965","unstructured":"Andersson S, Grossman Ml. Profile of pH, pressure, and potential difference at gastroduodenal junction in man. Gastr(oente(rology 1965; 49: 364-71.","journal-title":"Gastr(oente(rology"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"437","article-title":"Profile of gastric potential difference in man-effects of aspirin, alcohol, bile and endogenous acid","volume":"38","author":"Geall, M.G.; Phillips, S.F.; Summerskill, D.M.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Geall MG, Phillips SF, Summerskill DM. Profile of gastric potential difference in man-effects of aspirin, alcohol, bile and endogenous acid. Gastroen'trology 1970; 38: 437-43.","journal-title":"Gastroen'trology"},{"issue":"19-2","key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of several drugs on gastric potential difference in man","volume":"1","author":"Murray, H.S.; Strottman, M.P.; Cooke, A.R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Murray HS, Strottman MP, Cooke AR. Effect of several drugs on gastric potential difference in man. Br Me(dJ 1974; 1: 19-2 1.","journal-title":"Br Me(dJ"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5951.183","article-title":"Role of taurocholic acid in production of gastric mucosal damage after ingestion of aspirin","volume":"1","author":"Cochran, K.M.; Mackenzie, J.F.; Russell, R.I.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cochran KM, Mackenzie JF, Russell RI. Role of taurocholic acid in production of gastric mucosal damage after ingestion of aspirin. Br Me(d J 1975; 1: 183-85.","journal-title":"Br Me(d J"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6094.1052","article-title":"Effect of sodium bicarbonate on aspirin-induced damage and potential difference changes in human gastric mucosa","volume":"2","author":"Bowen, B.K.; Krause, W.J.; Ivey, K.J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Bowen BK, Krause WJ, Ivey KJ. Effect of sodium bicarbonate on aspirin-induced damage and potential difference changes in human gastric mucosa. Br. Med J 1977; 2:1052-55.","journal-title":"Br. Med J"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(64)80125-6","article-title":"Gastric mucosal injury by fatty and acetylsalicyclic acids","volume":"46","author":"Davenport, H.W.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Davenport HW. Gastric mucosal injury by fatty and acetylsalicyclic acids. Gastroeiiteirology 1964; 46: 245-53.","journal-title":"Gastroeiiteirology"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"\"716","article-title":"Permeability of the human gastric mucosa: alteration by acetylsalicylic acid and ethanol","volume":"285","author":"Smith, B.M.; Skillman, J.J.; Edwards, B.G.; Silen, W.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Smith BM, Skillman JJ, Edwards BG, Silen W. Permeability of the human gastric mucosa: alteration by acetylsalicylic acid and ethanol. N Enigl J Mecl 1971; 285: 716-21. \"lvey KJ, Morrison S, Gray C. Effect of intravenous salicylates on the gastric mucosal barrier in man. Am J Dig Dis 1972; 17: 1055-64.","journal-title":"N Enigl J Mecl; Effect of intravenous salicylates on the gastric mucosal barrier in man"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"153","article-title":"The effects of aspirin, ethanol, indomethacin and 9o-fludrocortisone on buccal mucosal potential difference","volume":"5","author":"Houston, G.J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Houston GJ. The effects of aspirin, ethanol, indomethacin and 9o-fludrocortisone on buccal mucosal potential difference. Br J Clii, Pharmacol 1978; 5: 153-60.","journal-title":"Br J Clii, Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"\"393","article-title":"Effects of buffered aspirin and salicylate on the bio-electric potential difference across the human buccal mucosa","volume":"8","author":"Makki, K.A.; Whittle, B.J.R.; O'Grady, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Makki KA, Whittle BJR, O'Grady J. Effects of buffered aspirin and salicylate on the bio-electric potential difference across the human buccal mucosa. Br J Cliii Pliarmnacol 1979; 8: 393-4P. '1'Grantham RN, Code CF, Schleyel JF. Reference electrode sites in determination of potential difference across the gastro-oesophogeal mucosal junction. Mayo Cli,, Proc 1970; 45: 265-74.","journal-title":"Br J Cliii Pliarmnacol; Mayo Cli,, Proc 1970; 45; 1'Grantham RN, Code CF, Schleyel JF. Reference electrode sites in determination of potential difference across the gastro-oesophogeal mucosal junction"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"\"473","article-title":"Specific and sensitive method for the determination of aspirin and salicylic acid in plasma using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"181","author":"Lo, Y.E.; Bye, A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lo YE, Bye A. Specific and sensitive method for the determination of aspirin and salicylic acid in plasma using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. J ClromaItogr 1980; 181: 473-77. '-Wingate DL. Electro-potential difference in the gastro-intestinal tract: present status. Acta Hepatogastr.oem'ter-ol 1975; 22: 200-5.","journal-title":"J ClromaItogr; Wingate DL. 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Gastroentwrlology 1965; 49: 184-96.","journal-title":"Gastroentwrlology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198007173030305","article-title":"Endoscopic evaluation of the effects of aspirin, buffered aspirin, and enteric coated aspirin on gastric and dLtodenal mucosa","volume":"303","author":"Lanza, F.L.; Royer, G.R.; Nelson, A.S.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lanza FL, Royer GR, Nelson AS. Endoscopic evaluation of the effects of aspirin, buffered aspirin, and enteric coated aspirin on gastric and dLtodenal mucosa. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 136-8.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"609","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of regular and enteric-coated aspirin in gastro-duodenal mucosa of man","volume":"2","author":"Hoftiezer, J.W.; Silvoso, G.K.; Burks, M.; Ivey, K.J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hoftiezer JW, Silvoso GK, Burks M, Ivey KJ. 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J Plharmacol 1977; 60: 455-60.","journal-title":"Bt. J Plharmacol"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.22.10.798","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:40:27Z","timestamp":1765604427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.22.10.798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.22.10.798"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.22.10.798","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]}}}