{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T12:41:45Z","timestamp":1765629705876,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aims of the study were to determine what microscopic changes occur in the rectal mucosa of men who have had anal intercourse and to correlate the sigmoidoscopic and microscopic appearances. Histological abnormalities were found in 29 of 100 men who attended consecutively a sexually-transmitted diseases clinic. The histopathology of rectal gonorrhoea, as observed in 18 patients, is described as are the microscopic findings in the rectal mucosa of 10 patients with early syphilis. Of 70 men without any detectable rectal infection, biopsies from 15 (21.4%) were abnormal. Intestinal spirochaetosis was observed in biopsies from 36 of these 100 men. With the use of strict criteria to describe the macroscopic appearance of the rectal mucosa, the sigmoidoscopic findings correlated well with the histology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.22.12.1035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"1035-1041","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Sigmoidoscopic and microscopic appearance of the rectal mucosa in homosexual men."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"A","family":"McMillan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F D","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"A 10-year study of homosexually transmitted infection","volume":"52","author":"Fluker, J.L.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Fluker JL. A 10-year study of homosexually transmitted infection. Br J Vener Dis 1976; 52:155-60.","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-197810000-00005","article-title":"Gonorrhoea in the homosexual man: frequency of infection by culture site","volume":"5","author":"McMillan, A.; Young, H.","year":"1978","unstructured":"McMillan A, Young H. Gonorrhoea in the homosexual man: frequency of infection by culture site. Sex Transm Dis 1978; 5: 146-50.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"47","article-title":"Chlamydial infection in homosexual men: frequency of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra, ano-rectum and pharynx","volume":"57","author":"McMillan, A.; Sommerville, R.G.; McKie, P.M.K.","year":"1981","unstructured":"McMillan A, Sommerville RG, McKie PMK. Chlamydial infection in homosexual men: frequency of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra, ano-rectum and pharynx. Br J Vener Dis 1981; 57:47-9.","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/003693308002500107","article-title":"Intestinal parasites in homosexual men","volume":"25","author":"McMillan, A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"McMillan A. Intestinal parasites in homosexual men. Scott MedJ 1980; 25:33-5.","journal-title":"Scott MedJ"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"173","article-title":"Treatment monitoring in syphilis using the autoanalyser","volume":"55","author":"MacFarlane, D.E.; McMillan, A.","year":"1979","unstructured":"MacFarlane DE, McMillan A. Treatment monitoring in syphilis using the autoanalyser. Br J Vener Dis 1979; 55:173-8.","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref_6","first-page":"288","article-title":"Homosexuals-a true 'high risk'","volume":"14","author":"Follett, E.A.C.; McMillan, A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Follett EAC, McMillan A. Homosexuals-a true 'high risk' group. Communic Dis Scotland 1980; 14:vii-viii. 7Watts JMcK, Thompson H, Goligher JC. Sigmoidoscopy and cytology in the detection of microscopic disease of the rectal mucosa in ulcerative colitis. Gut 1966; 7:288-94.","journal-title":"group. Communic Dis Scotland; Sigmoidoscopy and cytology in the detection of microscopic disease of the rectal mucosa in ulcerative colitis"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.2.141","article-title":"Rectal biopsy in patients presenting to an infectious disease unit with diarrhoeal disease","volume":"20","author":"Dickinson, K.G.; Gilmore, H.M.; McClelland, D.B.L.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Dickinson KG, Gilmore HM, McClelland DBL. Rectal biopsy in patients presenting to an infectious disease unit with diarrhoeal disease. Gut 1979; 20:141-8.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5567.718","article-title":"Intestinal spirochaetosis","volume":"3","author":"Harland, W.A.; Lee, F.D.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Harland WA, Lee FD. Intestinal spirochaetosis. Br Med J 1967; 3:718-9.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/27.11.1287","article-title":"Spiral shaped organisms on the surface colonic epithelium of the monkey and man","volume":"27","author":"Takeuchi, A.; Jarvis, H.R.; Nakazawa, H.; Robinson, D.M.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Takeuchi A, Jarvis HR, Nakazawa H, Robinson DM. Spiral shaped organisms on the surface colonic epithelium of the monkey and man. Am J Clin Nutr 1974; 27:1287-96.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-86-3-340","article-title":"Anorectal gonococcal infection","volume":"86","author":"Klein, E.J.; Fisher, L.S.; Chow, A.W.; Guze, L.B.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Klein EJ, Fisher LS, Chow AW, Guze LB. Anorectal gonococcal infection. Ann Intern Med 1977; 86:340-6.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01078349","article-title":"Syphilitic proctitis","volume":"22","author":"Akdamar, K.; Martin, R.J.; Ichinose, H.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Akdamar K, Martin RJ, Ichinose H. Syphilitic proctitis. Digestive Dis 1977; 22:701-4.","journal-title":"Digestive Dis"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"77","article-title":"Relation of TRIC agent to 'non-specific' genital infection","volume":"42","author":"Dunlop, E.M.C.; Harper, I.A.; Al-Hussaini, M.K.; Garland, J.A.; Treharne, J.D.; Wright, D.J.M.; Jones, B.R.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Dunlop EMC, Harper IA, Al-Hussaini MK, Garland JA, Treharne JD, Wright DJM, Jones BR. Relation of TRIC agent to 'non-specific' genital infection. Br J Vener Dis 1966; 42:77-87.","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"111","article-title":"Proctitis and herpes simplex virus in homosexual men","volume":"56","author":"Goldmeier, D.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Goldmeier D. Proctitis and herpes simplex virus in homosexual men. Br J Vener Dis 1980; 56:111-4.","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"184","article-title":"The gay bowel syndrome: clinico-pathologic correlation in 260 cases","volume":"6","author":"Kazal, H.L.; Sohn, N.; Carrasco, J.I.; Robilotti, J.G.; Delaney, W.E.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kazal HL, Sohn N, Carrasco JI, Robilotti JG, Delaney WE. The gay bowel syndrome: clinico-pathologic correlation in 260 cases. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1976; 6:184-92.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-3-458","article-title":"Campylobacter proctitis in a homosexual man","volume":"93","author":"Quinn, T.C.; Corey, L.; Chaffee, R.G.; Schuffier, M.D.; Holmes, K.K.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Quinn TC, Corey L, Chaffee RG, Schuffier MD, Holmes KK. Campylobacter proctitis in a homosexual man. Ann Intern Med 1980; 93:458-9.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03280140064021","article-title":"Amebiasis: an increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City","volume":"238","author":"Schmerin, M.J.; Gelston, A.; Jones, T.C.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Schmerin MJ, Gelston A, Jones TC. Amebiasis: an increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City. JAMA 1977; 238:1386-402.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"476","volume-title":"Anorectal gonorrhoea. Proc R Soc Med 1948","volume":"41","author":"I8Harkness, A.H.","unstructured":"I8Harkness AH. Anorectal gonorrhoea. Proc R Soc Med 1948; 41:476-8."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"871","volume-title":"Anorectal gonorrhoea. Proc R Soc Med 1962","volume":"55","author":"Catterall, R.D.","unstructured":"Catterall RD. Anorectal gonorrhoea. Proc R Soc Med 1962; 55:871-3."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02616779","article-title":"Primary syphilis of anorectal region","volume":"11","author":"Samenius, B.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Samenius B. Primary syphilis of anorectal region. Dis Colon Rectum 1968; 11:462-6.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.12.2.126","article-title":"Intestinal spirochaetosis","volume":"12","author":"Lee, F.D.; Kraszewsky, G.J.; Howie, J.G.R.; McSeveney, D.; Harland, W.A.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Lee FD, Kraszewsky GJ, Howie JGR, McSeveney D, Harland WA. Intestinal spirochaetosis. Gut 1971; 12: 126-33.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290270042018","article-title":"Purulent rectal discharge associated with a non treponemal spirochete","volume":"241","author":"Kaplan, L.R.; Takaudii, A.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kaplan LR, Takaudii A. Purulent rectal discharge associated with a non treponemal spirochete. JAMA 1979; 241:52-3.","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.22.12.1035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T12:39:21Z","timestamp":1765629561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.22.12.1035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.22.12.1035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.22.12.1035","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,12]]}}}