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In the immunofluorescence studies, nine of 15 sera induced a granular pattern of fluorescence on the ethanol pretreated hepatocytes; two sera which induced significant cytotoxicity did not induce immunofluorescence. No ethanol related antibodies were found in normal individuals or in patients with other types of acute or chronic liver disease. These results show that antibodies directed against ethanol altered liver cell determinants are present in the serum of 43% of patients with alcoholic liver disease, and suggest a mechanism whereby chronic alcohol consumption may, by inducing antigenic changes in hepatocyte membranes, trigger a cell damaging immune reaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.25.3.300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"300-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Antibodies to alcohol altered liver cell determinants in patients with alcoholic liver disease."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Neuberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I R","family":"Crossley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Portmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A L","family":"Eddleston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"549","article-title":"Ethanol metabolism in liver disease","volume-title":"in liver disease","author":"Rubin, E.; Lieber, C.S.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Rubin E, Lieber CS. 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