{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T09:23:31Z","timestamp":1765617811635,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Using a Quinton hydraulic biopsy tube, jejunal biopsies were obtained from 10 patients with adult coeliac disease in remission and four healthy volunteers before and after administration of gluten fraction III into the proximal duodenum. The biopsies taken at hourly intervals for four hours, were analysed for changes in brush border enzymes, light microscopic appearances, and villous and crypt population counts. The results indicate that mucosal damage occurs within three to four hours of gluten administration with significant falls in brush border enzyme concentrations and villous population counts. The absence of any change in control biopsies indicates that gluten sensitivity is specific to the mucosa of patients with coeliac disease, the timing of the changes being consistent with a type III immune response or direct toxicity. Some recovery of the brush border enzymes but not the villous population was evident 24 hours after gluten administration while the crypt population showed evidence of a compensatory hyperplastic reaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.26.2.169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"169-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Acute gluten challenge in treated adult coeliac disease: a morphometric and enzymatic study."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M G","family":"Bramble","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Zucoloto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N A","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C O","family":"Record","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Coeliac Disease","volume-title":"Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract","author":"Asquith, P.; Heaney, M.R.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Asquith P, Heaney MR. Coeliac Disease: In: Asquith P, ed. Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract. Edinburgh: Churchill-Livingstone, 1979: 66-94."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.53.6.449","article-title":"Gluten challenge in treated coeliac disease","volume":"53","author":"Packer, S.M.; Charlton, V.; Keeling, J.W.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Packer SM, Charlton V, Keeling JW et al. Gluten challenge in treated coeliac disease. Arch Dis Child 1978; 53: 449-55.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.1.1","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes suggestive of immune reactions in the jejunal mucosa of coeliac children following gluten challenge","volume":"14","author":"Shiner, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Shiner M. Ultrastructural changes suggestive of immune reactions in the jejunal mucosa of coeliac children following gluten challenge. Gut 1973; 14: 1-12.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.15.12.931","article-title":"Identifying toxic fractions of wheat gluten and their effect on jejunal mucosa in coealiac disease","volume":"15","author":"Dissanayake, A.S.; Offord, Jerrome D.W.; RE, Truelove; SC, Whitehead; R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Dissanayake AS, Jerrome DW. Offord RE, Truelove SC, Whitehead R. Identifying toxic fractions of wheat gluten and their effect on jejunal mucosa in coealiac disease. Gut 1974; 15: 931-46.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"252","article-title":"Gluten induced enteropathy. The effect of partially digested gluten","volume":"2","author":"Frazer, A.C.; Fletcher, R.T.; Ross, C.A.C.; Sammons, Shaw B.; HG, Schneider; R.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Frazer AC, Fletcher RT, Ross CAC, Shaw B. Sammons HG, Schneider R. Gluten induced enteropathy. The effect of partially digested gluten. Lancet 1959; 2: 252-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(67)90060-5","article-title":"An optimised method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase in serum","volume":"15","author":"R, Hausamen T.U.Hegler; W, Rick; W, Gross","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hausamen TU Hegler R, Rick W, Gross W. An optimised method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase in serum. Clin Chim Acta 1967; 15: 241-5.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(68)90263-7","article-title":"Assay of intestinal disaccharidases","volume":"22","author":"Dahlquist, A.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Dahlquist A. Assay of intestinal disaccharidases. Anal Biochem 1968; 22: 99-107.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"NJ, Lowry O.H.Rosenbrough; AL, Farr; RJ, Randall","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry OH Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265-75.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"519","article-title":"Mucosal architecture and epithelial cell production rate in the small intestine of the albino rat","volume":"107","author":"Clarke, R.M.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Clarke RM. Mucosal architecture and epithelial cell production rate in the small intestine of the albino rat. J Anat 1970; 107: 519-29.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"695","article-title":"Cell population changes in the intestine epithelium of the rat following starvation","volume-title":"and protein depletion. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1968","volume":"128","author":"Hopper, A.F.; Wannemacher, R.W.; McGovern, P.A.","unstructured":"Hopper AF, Wannemacher RW, McGovern PA. Cell population changes in the intestine epithelium of the rat following starvation and protein depletion. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1968; 128: 695-8."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"18","article-title":"The search for appropriate measurements of proliferative and morphological status in studies of intestinal adaptation","author":"Robinson, J.H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Al Mukhtar MYT, Polak JM, Bloom SR, Wright NA. The search for appropriate measurements of proliferative and morphological status in studies of intestinal adaptation. In: Robinson JH, Dowling HR, Riecken OH, eds. Intestinal adaptation. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1982: 18-37."},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"Topical corticosteroid therapy in adult coeliac disease","author":"Bramble, M.G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bramble MG. Topical corticosteroid therapy in adult coeliac disease. University of Sheffield: MD Thesis. 1983."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92860-9","article-title":"Gluten induced mucosal changes in subjects without small bowel disease","volume":"1","author":"Doherty, M.; Barry, R.E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Doherty M, Barry RE. Gluten induced mucosal changes in subjects without small bowel disease. Lancet 1981; 1: 517-20.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196605192742003","article-title":"Prolonged glutten administration in normal subjects","volume":"274","author":"Levine, R.A.; Briggs, G.W.; Nolte, Harding R.S.; L.B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Levine RA, Briggs GW, Harding RS Nolte LB. Prolonged glutten administration in normal subjects. N Engl J Med 1966; 274: 1109-14.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"83","article-title":"Timing of histological damage following a single challenge with gluten in treated coeliac disease","volume":"50","author":"Anand, B.S.; Piris, Juan; Jerrome, D.W.; Offord, R.E.; Truelove, S.C.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Anand BS, Juan Piris, Jerrome DW, Offord RE, Truelove SC. Timing of histological damage following a single challenge with gluten in treated coeliac disease. Q J Med 1981; 50: 83-94.","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"600","article-title":"The kinetics of villus cell populations in the mouse small intestine. I: Normal villi, the steady state requirement","volume":"18","author":"Wright, N.A.; Irwin, M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wright NA, Irwin M. The kinetics of villus cell populations in the mouse small intestine. I: Normal villi, the steady state requirement. Cell Tissue Kinet 1982; 18: 600-9.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"611","article-title":"The kinetics of villus cell populations in the mouse small intestine. II: Studies on growth control after death of proliferative cells induced by cytosine arabinoside with special reference to negative feedback mechanisms","volume":"15","author":"Wright, N.A.; Al, Al Nafussi","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wright NA, Al Nafussi Al. The kinetics of villus cell populations in the mouse small intestine. II: Studies on growth control after death of proliferative cells induced by cytosine arabinoside with special reference to negative feedback mechanisms. Cell Tissue Kinet 1982; 15: 611-21.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(65)90379-4","article-title":"Lysosomes in human cell cultures. Kinetics of enzyme release from injured particles","volume":"38","author":"Gordis, L.; Nitowski, H.M.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Gordis L, Nitowski HM. Lysosomes in human cell cultures. Kinetics of enzyme release from injured particles. Exp Cell Res 1965; 38: 556-69.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"402","article-title":"Evidence for complement binding immune complexes in adult coeliac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"1","author":"Doe WF, Booth CC, Brown DL","year":"1973","unstructured":"Doe WF, Booth CC, Brown DL. Evidence for complement binding immune complexes in adult coeliac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Lancet 1973; 1: 402-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(69)92440-4","article-title":"Serum immunoglobulins in adult coeliac disease","volume":"2","author":"Asquith, P.; Thompson, R.A.; Cooke, W.T.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Asquith P, Thompson RA, Cooke WT. Serum immunoglobulins in adult coeliac disease. Lancet 1969; 2: 129-31.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33750-3","article-title":"Immunochemical studies of the intestinal secretions and intestinal mucosa in patients with adult coeliac disease and other forms of the coeliac syndrome","volume":"59","author":"Douglas, A.P.; Crabbe, P.A.; Hobbs, JR","year":"1970","unstructured":"Douglas AP, Crabbe PA, Hobbs JR. Immunochemical studies of the intestinal secretions and intestinal mucosa in patients with adult coeliac disease and other forms of the coeliac syndrome. Gastroenterology 1970; 59: 414-25.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.15.5.371","article-title":"Jejunal mucosa immunoglobulin containing cells and jejunal fluid immunoglobulins in adult coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis","volume":"15","author":"Lancaster-Smith, M.; Marks, Kumar P.; R, Clarke; ML, Dawson; A.M.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Lancaster-Smith M, Kumar P Marks R, Clarke ML, Dawson AM. Jejunal mucosa immunoglobulin containing cells and jejunal fluid immunoglobulins in adult coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. Gut 1974; 15: 371-6.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1977.12031127","article-title":"Immunoglobulins in jejunal mucosa and serum from patients with adult coeliac disease","volume":"12","year":"1977","unstructured":"Baklien K, Brandtzaeg P, Fausa 0. Immunoglobulins in jejunal mucosa and serum from patients with adult coeliac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1977; 12: 149-59.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.26.2.169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T09:21:17Z","timestamp":1765617677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.26.2.169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.26.2.169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.26.2.169","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]}}}