{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T23:51:01Z","timestamp":1770508261765,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A survey of the smoking habits of 1217 outpatients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was carried out over an 18 month period. Six hundred and twenty four were current smokers, 248 ex-smokers and 345 non-smokers. 11.9% of smokers had gastric ulcers, 7.7% of ex-smokers (p less than 0.025) and 4.6% of non-smokers (p less than 0.001). 2.8% of smokers had duodenal ulcers, 6.8% of ex-smokers (p less than 0.01) and 6.1% of non-smokers (p less than 0.001). There was a dose response effect between the number of cigarettes smoked and duodenal and gastric ulceration. Gastric cancer was also more frequent in smokers than non-smokers (p less than 0.01), but macroscopic oesophagitis less frequent (p less than 0.001). The results confirm the association between smoking and peptic ulcer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.27.6.648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"648-651","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Outpatient endoscopic survey of smoking and peptic ulcer."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"C C","family":"Ainley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I C","family":"Forgacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P W","family":"Keeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R P","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(58)91083-3","article-title":"Effect of smoking on the production and maintenance of gastric and duodenal ulcers","volume":"1","author":"Doll, R.; Jones, F.A.; Pygott, F.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Doll R, Jones FA, Pygott F. 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