{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:26:48Z","timestamp":1779377208596,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The distribution of regulatory peptides was studied in the separated mucosa, submucosa and muscularis externa taken at 10 sampling sites encompassing the whole human sigmoid colon (five sites), rectum (two sites), and anal canal (three sites). Consistently high concentrations of VIP were measured in the muscle layer at most sites (proximal sigmoid: 286 (16) pmol\/g, upper rectum: 269 (17), a moderate decrease being found in the distal smooth sphincter (151 (30) pmol\/g). Values are expressed as mean (SE). Conversely, substance P concentrations showed an obvious decline in the recto-anal muscle (mid sigmoid: 19 (2.0) pmol\/g, distal rectum: 7.1 (1.3), upper anal canal: 1.6 (0.6)). Somatostatin was mainly present in the sigmoid mucosa and submucosa (37 (9.3) and 15 (3.5) pmol\/g, respectively) and showed low, but consistent concentrations in the muscle (mid sigmoid: 2.2 (0.7) pmol\/g, upper anal canal: 1.5 (0.8]. Starting in the distal sigmoid colon, a distinct peak of tissue NPY was revealed, which was most striking in the muscle (of mid sigmoid: 16 (3.9) pmol\/g, upper rectum: 47 (7.8), anal sphincter: 58 (14)). Peptide YY was confined to the mucosa and showed an earlier peak (upper sigmoid: 709 (186) pmol\/g, mid-distal sigmoid: 1965 (484)). A clear differential distribution of regulatory peptides was thus shown in the region studied. A possible role is suggested for NPY and VIP containing nerves in the effector control of the human internal anal sphincter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.6.762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"762-768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Intramural distribution of regulatory peptides in the sigmoid-recto-anal region of the human gut."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"G L","family":"Ferri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T E","family":"Adrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Soimero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Cancellieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J C","family":"Yeats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Polak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S R","family":"Bloom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-03940-1_1","article-title":"Anatomy of the sphincters of the alimentary canal","volume-title":"sphincters and their disorders","author":"DRE, I.Reeve","year":"1981","unstructured":"I Reeve DRE. Anatomy of the sphincters of the alimentary canal. In: Thomas PA, Mann CV, eds. Alimentary sphincters and their disorders. London: Macmillan, 1981: 1-26."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-03940-1_9","article-title":"The rectosigmoid junction zone: another sphincter?","volume-title":"sphincters and their disorders","author":"Baker, W.N.W.; Mann, C.V.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Baker WNW, Mann CV. The rectosigmoid junction zone: another sphincter? In: Thomas PA, Mann CV, eds. Alimentary sphincters and their disorders. London: Macmillan, 1981: 20(1-1 1."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/58.2.256","article-title":"An investigation of the nervous control of defecation","volume":"58","author":"Denny-Brown, D.; Robertson, E.G.","year":"1935","unstructured":"Denny-Brown D, Robertson EG. An investigation of the nervous control of defecation. Brain 1935; 58: 256-310.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"409","article-title":"Neural and pharmacologic factors affecting motility of the","volume-title":"internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1983; 84","author":"Burleigh, D.E.; D'Mello, A.","unstructured":"Burleigh DE, D'Mello A. Neural and pharmacologic factors affecting motility of the internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1983; 84: 409-17."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-03940-1_10","article-title":"The anal sphincters","volume-title":"sphincters and their disorders","author":"Duthie, H.L.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Duthie HL. The anal sphincters. In: Thomas PA, Mann CV, eds. Alimentary sphincters and their disorders. London: Macmillan, 1981: 213-26."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013561","article-title":"Nervous control of the internal anal sphincter of cat","volume":"310","author":"Bouvier, M.; Gonella, J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bouvier M, Gonella J. Nervous control of the internal anal sphincter of cat. J Physiol 1981; 310: 457-69.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"777","article-title":"Tissue localisation and relative distribution of regulatory peptides in separated layers from","volume-title":"the human bowel. Gastroenterology 1983; 84","author":"Ferri, G.-L.; Adrian, T.E.; Ghatei, M.A.","unstructured":"Ferri G-L, Adrian TE, Ghatei MA, et al. Tissue localisation and relative distribution of regulatory peptides in separated layers from the human bowel. Gastroenterology 1983; 84: 777-86."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"117","article-title":"Human gut neuroanatomy: methodology for a quantitative analysis of nerve elements and neurotransmitter diversity in the human enteric nervous system","volume":"32","author":"Ferri, G.-L.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ferri G-L. Human gut neuroanatomy: methodology for a quantitative analysis of nerve elements and neurotransmitter diversity in the human enteric nervous system. Basic Appl Histochem 1988; 32: 117-44.","journal-title":"Basic Appl Histochem"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Radioimmunoassasy of gut regulatory peptides","author":"Bloom, SR, Long","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bloom SR, Long RG, eds. Radioimmunoassasy of gut regulatory peptides. London: Saunders, 1982."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(84)90029-6","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of neuropeptide Y","volume":"8","author":"Allen, J.M.; Yeats, J.C.; Adrian, T.E.; Bloom, SR","year":"1984","unstructured":"Allen JM, Yeats JC, Adrian TE, Bloom SR. Radioimmunoassay of neuropeptide Y. Regul Pept 1984; 8: 61-70.","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1070","article-title":"Human distribution and release of a putative new gut","volume-title":"hormone, peptide YY. Gastroenterology 1985; 89","author":"Adrian, T.E.; Ferri, G.-L.; Bacarese-Hamilton, A.J.; Fuessl, H.S.; Polak, J.M.; Bloom, SR","unstructured":"Adrian TE, Ferri G-L, Bacarese-Hamilton AJ, Fuessl HS, Polak JM, Bloom SR. Human distribution and release of a putative new gut hormone, peptide YY. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 1070-7."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(82)90114-2","article-title":"A study of the concentrations of substance P and neurotensin in the gastro-intenstinal tract of various mammals","volume":"7","author":"Holzer, P.; Bucsics, A.; Saria, A.; Lembeck, F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Holzer P, Bucsics A, Saria A, Lembeck F. A study of the concentrations of substance P and neurotensin in the gastro-intenstinal tract of various mammals. Neuroscience 1982; 7: 2919-24.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"557","article-title":"Substance P-containing nerve fibres are numerous in human but not","volume-title":"feline intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology 1983; 85","author":"Brodin, E.; Sj6lund, K.; Hakanson, R.; Sundler, F.","unstructured":"Brodin E, Sj6lund K, Hakanson R, Sundler F. Substance P-containing nerve fibres are numerous in human but not in feline intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology 1983; 85: 557-64."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(84)90002-8","article-title":"Bombesin-like immuno-reactivity in human gastrointestinal tract","volume":"9","author":"Price, J.; Penman, E.; Wass, J.A.H.; Rees, L.H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Price J, Penman E, Wass JAH, Rees LH. Bombesin-like immuno-reactivity in human gastrointestinal tract. Regul Pept 1984; 9: 1-10.","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"421","article-title":"Substance P-containing nerves","volume-title":"the human small intestine. Gastroenterology","volume":"86","author":"Llewellyn-Smith, I.J.; Furness, J.B.; Murphy, R.; O'Brien, P.E.; Costa, M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Llewellyn-Smith IJ, Furness JB, Murphy R, O'Brien PE, Costa M. Substance P-containing nerves in the human small intestine. Gastroenterology 1984; 86: 421-35."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"547","article-title":"Presence, distribution and effects of neuropeptide Y in the mammalian gut","volume":"26","author":"Allen, J.M.; Ferri, G.-L.; Hughes, J.; Polak, J.M.; Bloom, SR","year":"1985","unstructured":"Allen JM, Ferri G-L, Hughes J, Polak JM, Bloom SR. Presence, distribution and effects of neuropeptide Y in the mammalian gut. Gut 1985; 26: 547.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(83)90281-1","article-title":"Distribution and characterisation of immunoreactive somatostatin in human gastro-intestinal tract","volume":"7","author":"Penman, E.; Wass, J.A.H.; Butler, M.G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Penman E, Wass JAH, Butler MG, et al. Distribution and characterisation of immunoreactive somatostatin in human gastro-intestinal tract. Regul Pep 1983; 7: 53-65.","journal-title":"Regul Pep"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00217149","article-title":"Somatostatin in human enteric nerves","volume":"237","author":"Keast, JR, Furness; JB, Costa; M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Keast JR, Furness JB, Costa M. Somatostatin in human enteric nerves. Cell Tissue Res 1984; 237: 299-308.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(85)90259-4","article-title":"Distribution and molecular forms of peptides containing somatostatin immuno-determinants in extracts from the entire gastrointestinal tract of man and pig","volume":"838","author":"Baldissera, F.G.A.; Holst, J.J.; Jensen, S.L.; Krarup, T.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Baldissera FGA, Holst JJ, Jensen SL, Krarup T. Distribution and molecular forms of peptides containing somatostatin immuno-determinants in extracts from the entire gastrointestinal tract of man and pig. Biochim Biophys Acta 1985; 838: 132-43.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/280155a0","article-title":"A rich VIP nerve supply is characteristic of sphincters","volume":"280","year":"1979","unstructured":"Alumets J, Fahrenkrug J, Hakanson R, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell 0, Sundler F, Uddman R. A rich VIP nerve supply is characteristic of sphincters. Nature 1979; 280: 155-6.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01952390","article-title":"Comparative distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P and PHI in the enteric sphincters of the cat","volume":"40","author":"McGregor, G.P.; Bishop, A.E.; Blank, M.A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"McGregor GP, Bishop AE, Blank MA, et al. Comparative distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P and PHI in the enteric sphincters of the cat. Experientia 1984; 40: 469-71.","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(87)90314-4","article-title":"Intra-mural distribution of Met5enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leux in sphincter regions of the human gut","volume":"74","author":"Ferri, G.-L.; Morreale, R.A.; Soimero, L.; Biliotti, G.; Dockray, G.J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ferri G-L, Morreale RA, Soimero L, Biliotti G, Dockray GJ. Intra-mural distribution of Met5enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leux in sphincter regions of the human gut. Neurosci Lett 1987; 74: 304-8.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref_23","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide","author":"Said, S.I.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Said SI, ed. Vasoactive intestinal peptide. New York: Raven Press, 1982."},{"key":"ref_24","article-title":"Effect of VIP, PHI, bradykinin and ATP on activity of the canine","volume-title":"internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 1458","author":"Kubota, M.; Szurszewski, J.H.","unstructured":"Kubota M, Szurszewski JH. Effect of VIP, PHI, bradykinin and ATP on activity of the canine internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 1458."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012541","article-title":"Schaffalitzky de Muckadell OB. Nervous release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the gastrointestinal tract of cats: possible physiological implications","volume":"284","year":"1978","unstructured":"Fahrenkrug J, Haglund U, Jodal M, Lundgren 0, Olbe L, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell OB. Nervous release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the gastrointestinal tract of cats: possible physiological implications. J Physiol 1978; 284: 291-305.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"867","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a neurotransmitter for relaxation of the rabbit","volume-title":"internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1985; 89","author":"Biancani, P.; Walsh, J.; Behar, J.","unstructured":"Biancani P, Walsh J, Behar J. Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a neurotransmitter for relaxation of the rabbit internal anal sphincter. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 867-74."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1982.tb07171.x","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in peripheral noradrenergic neurones and effects of NPY on sympathetic function","volume":"116","author":"Lundberg, J.M.; Terenius, L.; Hokfelt, T.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lundberg JM, Terenius L, Hokfelt T, et al. Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in peripheral noradrenergic neurones and effects of NPY on sympathetic function. Acta Physiol Scand 1982; 116: 477-90.","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"71","article-title":"Distribution, pathways and reactions to drug treatment of nerves with neuropeptide Y-and pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in the guinea-pig digestive tract","volume":"234","author":"Furness, J.B.; Costa, M.; Emson, P.C.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Furness JB, Costa M, Emson PC, et al. Distribution, pathways and reactions to drug treatment of nerves with neuropeptide Y-and pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in the guinea-pig digestive tract. Cell Tissue Res 1983; 234: 71-92.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00216194","article-title":"Nerve fibres in the gut and pancreas of the rat displaying neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity. Intrinsic and extrinsic origin","volume":"230","author":"Sundler, F.; Moghimzadeh, E.; Hakanson, R.; Ekelund, M.; Emson, P.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sundler F, Moghimzadeh E, Hakanson R, Ekelund M, Emson P. Nerve fibres in the gut and pancreas of the rat displaying neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity. Intrinsic and extrinsic origin. Cell Tissue Res 1983; 230: 487-93.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000409159","article-title":"Immuno-cytochemical localisation of neuropeptide-like immunoreactivity in extrinsic noradrenergic and intrinsic gut neurons","volume":"12","author":"Ferri, G.-L.; Ali-Rachedi, A.; Tatemoto, K.; Bloom, SR, Polak; J.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ferri G-L, Ali-Rachedi A, Tatemoto K, Bloom SR, Polak JM. Immuno-cytochemical localisation of neuropeptide-like immunoreactivity in extrinsic noradrenergic and intrinsic gut neurons. Front Horm Res 1984; 12: 81-4.","journal-title":"Front Horm Res"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"118","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive structures in the rat stomach with special reference to","volume-title":"the noradrenaline neuron system. Gastroenterology 1985; 89","author":"Lee, Y.; Shiosaka, S.; Emson, P.C.; Powell, J.F.; Smith, A.D.; Tohyama, M.","unstructured":"Lee Y, Shiosaka S, Emson PC, Powell JF, Smith AD, Tohyama M. Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive structures in the rat stomach with special reference to the noradrenaline neuron system. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 118-26."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(84)90052-1","article-title":"VIP and PHI coexist with an NPY-like peptide in intramural neurones of the small intestine","volume":"10","author":"Ekblad, E.; Hakanson, R.; Sundler, F.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ekblad E, Hakanson R, Sundler F. VIP and PHI coexist with an NPY-like peptide in intramural neurones of the small intestine. Regul Pept 1984; 10: 47-55.","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61662-9","article-title":"Innervation of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"59","author":"Gabella, G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Gabella G. Innervation of the gastrointestinal tract. Int Rev Cytol 1979; 59: 129-93.","journal-title":"Int Rev Cytol"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4179(82)90001-4","article-title":"NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) inhibit the contraction of the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens","volume":"3","year":"1982","unstructured":"(NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) inhibit the contraction of the electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens. Neuropeptides 1982; 3: 71-7.","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296034","article-title":"Presence, distribution and pharmacological effects of neuropeptide Y in mammalian gastrointestinal tract","volume":"32","author":"Allen, J.M.; Hughes, J.; Bloom, SR","year":"1987","unstructured":"Allen JM, Hughes J, Bloom SR. Presence, distribution and pharmacological effects of neuropeptide Y in mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Dig Dis Sci 1987; 32: 506-12.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.7.2047","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y inhibits cholinergic transmission in the isolated guinea pig colon: mediation through alfa-adrenergic receptors","volume":"84","author":"Wiley, J.; Owyang, C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wiley J, Owyang C. Neuropeptide Y inhibits cholinergic transmission in the isolated guinea pig colon: mediation through alfa-adrenergic receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987; 84: 2047-51.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000199482","article-title":"Regulatory peptide distribution in separated layers of the human jejunum","volume":"37","author":"Ferri, G.-L.; Adrian, T.E.; Soimero, L.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ferri G-L, Adrian TE, Soimero L, et al. Regulatory peptide distribution in separated layers of the human jejunum. Digestion 1987; 37: 15-21.","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-0115(86)90060-1","article-title":"Distribution of bombesin-like peptides in the alimentary canal of several vertebrate species","volume":"16","author":"Greeley, G.H.; Partin, M.; Spannagel, A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Greeley GH, Partin M, Spannagel A, et al. Distribution of bombesin-like peptides in the alimentary canal of several vertebrate species. Regul Pept 1986; 16: 169-81.","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000199397","article-title":"Somatostatin effect of rectal muscle in human healthy volunteers","volume":"36","author":"Lerebours, E.; Weber, J.; Chayvialle, J.A.; Galmiche, J.P.; Colin, R.; Ph, Denis","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lerebours E, Weber J, Chayvialle JA, Galmiche JP, Colin R, Denis Ph. Somatostatin effect of rectal muscle in human healthy volunteers. Digestion 1987; 36: 42-6.","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"4471","article-title":"Localisation of peptide YY (PYY) in gastrointestinal endocrine cells and effects on intestinal blood","volume-title":"flow and motility. Proc Natl Acad Sci","volume":"79","author":"Lundberg, J.M.; Tatemoto, K.; Terenius, L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lundberg JM, Tatemoto K, Terenius L, et al. Localisation of peptide YY (PYY) in gastrointestinal endocrine cells and effects on intestinal blood flow and motility. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982; 79: 4471-5."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"114","article-title":"Inhibition of interdigestive contractile activity in the stomach by peptide YY","volume-title":"Heidenhain pouch dogs. Gastroenterology 1983; 85","author":"Suzuki, T.; Nakaya, M.; Itoh, Z.; Tatemoto, K.; Mutt, V.","unstructured":"Suzuki T, Nakaya M, Itoh Z, Tatemoto K, Mutt V. Inhibition of interdigestive contractile activity in the stomach by peptide YY in Heidenhain pouch dogs. Gastroenterology 1983; 85: 114-21."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"494","article-title":"Effect of peptide YY on gastric, pancreatic, and biliary","volume-title":"function in humans. Gastroenterology 1985; 89","author":"Adrian, T.E.; Savage, A.P.; Sagor, G.R.","unstructured":"Adrian TE, Savage AP, Sagor GR, et al. Effect of peptide YY on gastric, pancreatic, and biliary function in humans. Gastroenterology 1985; 89: 494-9."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"1386","article-title":"Peptide YY release by fatty acids is sufficient to inhibit gastric emptying","volume-title":"dogs. Gastroenterology 1986; 91","author":"Pappas, T.N.; Debas, H.T.; Chang, A.M.; Taylor, I.L.","unstructured":"Pappas TN, Debas HT, Chang AM, Taylor IL. Peptide YY release by fatty acids is sufficient to inhibit gastric emptying in dogs. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 1386-9."}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.29.6.762","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T08:31:17Z","timestamp":1765614677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.29.6.762"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.29.6.762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.29.6.762","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]}}}