{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:32:00Z","timestamp":1777541520098,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report three examples of toxic acute colitis which occurred after ingestion of colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis) for ritual purposes. The prominent clinical feature was dysenteric diarrhoea; colonoscopic changes included congestion and hyperaemia of the mucosa with abundant exudates but no ulceration or pseudopolyp formation. A causal relationship between colonic injury and the intake of colocynth was supported by the following features: (1) the pharmacology of the colocynth extract ingested; (2) the temporal relationship between colocynth intake and clinical onset (eight to 12 h); (3) the rapid recovery within three to six days, with normal endoscopy at day 14; (4) the absence of other possible causes for the observed patterns, except in one case, in which a concomitant intestinal infection with Clostridium perfringens Type A was discovered; (5) the specific pathological features. Colonic biopsies taken 27, 44, and 72 h after colocynth intake showed: erosions with fibrino-purulent exudate, early fibrosis of the lamina propria, hyaline thickening of the superficial epithelial basal membrane. These pathological features completely disappeared within 14 days in all three cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.10.1412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"1412-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Peculiar acute toxic colitis after ingestion of colocynth: a clinicopathological study of three cases."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"D","family":"Goldfain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Lavergne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Galian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Chauveinc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Prudhomme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"195","volume":"22","author":"I Segal 1. Ou Tim L, Hamilton DG","year":"1979","unstructured":"I Segal 1. Ou Tim L, Hamilton DG. et al. Ritual-cncmainduced colitis. Dis Colon Rectum 1979; 22: 195-9.","journal-title":"et al. Ritual-cncmainduced colitis. Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"394","volume":"1891","author":"Soulier H. Traits de thlurapeutique et de pharmacologie, Tomc II. F","unstructured":"Soulier H. Traits de thlurapeutique et de pharmacologie, Tomc II.F. Paris: Savy. 1891: 394-5.","journal-title":"Paris: Savy"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197901000-00006","article-title":"Gastrocnteritis: ctiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations","volume":"58","author":"Plotkin, G.R.; Waldmann, Klugc R.M.; R.H.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Plotkin GR, Klugc RM. Waldmann RH. Gastrocnteritis: ctiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Medicine (Baltimore) 1979; 58: 95-114.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"523","article-title":"The histopathologic spectrum of acute self limited colitis (acute infectious type colitis)","volume":"6","author":"Kumar, N.W.; Nostrant, T.T.; Appelman, H.D.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kumar NW, Nostrant TT, Appelman HD. The histopathologic spectrum of acute self limited colitis (acute infectious type colitis). Am J Sling Patliol 1982; 6: 523-9.","journal-title":"Am J Sling Patliol"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"135","article-title":"Colite pseudomembraneuse caus6e par lingestion de coloquinte","volume":"117","author":"A, Berrut C.Bisetti; JD, Widgren S.Tissot; E, Loizeau","year":"1987","unstructured":"Berrut C. Bisetti A, Widgren S. Tissot JD, Loizeau E. Colite pseudomembraneuse caus6e par lingestion de coloquinte. Schweiz Med Wochensclir 1987; 117: 135-8.","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochensclir"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)91137-8","article-title":"Cathartic colon","volume":"i:","author":"Rawson, M.D.; Leeds, M.B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Rawson MD, Leeds MB. Cathartic colon. Lancet 1966; i: 1121-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"659","article-title":"Laxative abuse. Clin Gastroenterol","volume":"6","author":"Cooke, W.T.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cooke WT. Laxative abuse. Clin Gastroenterol 1977; 6: 659-73."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"867","article-title":"Histopathology of cathar-tic colon","volume":"12","author":"Morson, B.C.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Morson BC. Histopathology of cathar-tic colon. (Gi, 1971;12:867-8."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_9","article-title":"Pscudomcmbranous colitis","volume":"30","year":"1977","unstructured":"Price AB, Davies DR. Pscudomcmbranous colitis. J Clini Ptitiowl 1977; 30: 1 -1 '.","journal-title":"J Clini Ptitiowl; 1"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lea Thomas M. Morson B(. Ischacmic colitis","volume":"7","author":"TP, Marston A.Murray","year":"1966","unstructured":"Marston A. Murray TP. Lea Thomas M. Morson B(. Ischacmic colitis. Glmt 1966; 7: 1-15.","journal-title":"Glmt"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1274","article-title":"Human rcctal mucosa: proctoscopic and morphologic changcs causcd by laxatives Gasiroenterology","volume":"72","author":"D, Mciscl J.L.Bcrgman; DR, Grancy D.Saundie-s; CE, Rubin","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mciscl JL. Bcrgman D, Grancy D. Saundie-s DR, Rubin CE. Human rcctal mucosa: proctoscopic and morphologic changcs causcd by laxatives Gasiroenterology 1977; 72: 1274-9."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"878","article-title":"Drug-induccd colitis: a review","volume":"79","author":"Fortson, W.C.; Tcdcsco, F.J.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fortson WC, Tcdcsco FJ. 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