{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:19:43Z","timestamp":1790799583706,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fifteen patients with the irritable bowel syndrome were studied to assess the effect of hypnotherapy on anorectal physiology. In comparison with a control group of 15 patients who received no hypnotherapy significant changes in rectal sensitivity were found in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome both after a course of hypnotherapy and during a session of hypnosis (p less than 0.05). Although patient numbers were small, a trend towards normalisation of rectal sensitivity was also observed in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. No changes in rectal compliance or distension-induced motor activity occurred in either subgroup nor were any changes in somatic pain thresholds observed. The results suggest that symptomatic improvement in irritable bowel syndrome after hypnotherapy may in part be due to changes in visceral sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.8.896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"896-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Changes in rectal sensitivity after hypnotherapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Prior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S M","family":"Colgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P J","family":"Whorwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92793-4","article-title":"Controlled trial of hypnotherapy in the treatment of severe refractory irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"ii:","author":"Whorwell, P.J.; Prior, A.; Faragher, E.B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Whorwell PJ, Prior A, Faragher EB. Controlled trial of hypnotherapy in the treatment of severe refractory irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet 1984; ii: 1232-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.4.423","article-title":"Hypnotherapy in severe irritable bowel syndrome: further experience","volume":"28","author":"Whorwell, P.J.; Prior, A.; Colgan, S.M.C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Whorwell PJ, Prior A, Colgan SMC. Hypnotherapy in severe irritable bowel syndrome: further experience. Gut 1987; 28: 423-5.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"424","article-title":"Individual and group therapy in treatment of refractory irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"i:","author":"Harvey, R.F.; Hinton, R.A.; Gunary, R.M.; Barry, R.E.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Harvey RF, Hinton RA, Gunary RM, Barry RE. Individual and group therapy in treatment of refractory irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet 1989; i: 424-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"40","key":"ref_4","first-page":"18","article-title":"Human colonic motility: a comparative study of normal subjects, patients with ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"1961","author":"Chaudhary, N.A.; Truelove, S.C.","unstructured":"Chaudhary NA, Truelove SC. Human colonic motility: a comparative study of normal subjects, patients with ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 1961; 40: 18-26.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91219-1","article-title":"Read AE. Effect of cholecystokinin on colonic motility and symptoms in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"i:","author":"Harvey, R.F.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Harvey RF, Read AE. Effect of cholecystokinin on colonic motility and symptoms in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Lancet 1973; i: 1-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197804202981604","article-title":"Colonic myoelectrical activity in the irritable bowel syndrome; effect of eating and anticholinergics","volume":"298","author":"Sullivan, M.A.; Cohen, S.; Snape, W.J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sullivan MA, Cohen S, Snape WJ. Colonic myoelectrical activity in the irritable bowel syndrome; effect of eating and anticholinergics. NEnglJMed 1978; 298: 878-83.","journal-title":"NEnglJMed"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12532","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.2.125","article-title":"Pain from distension of the pelvic colon by inflating a balloon in the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Ritchie, J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Ritchie J. Pain from distension of the pelvic colon by inflating a balloon in the irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 1973; 14: 12532.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"443","article-title":"Site of pain from the irritable bowel","volume":"ii:","author":"Swarbrick, E.T.; Bat, L.; Hegarty, J.E.; Williams, C.B.; Dawson, A.M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Swarbrick ET, Bat L, Hegarty JE, Williams CB, Dawson AM. Site of pain from the irritable bowel. Lancet 1980; ii: 443-6.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01395503","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome: physiological and psychological differences between diarrhea-predominant and constipation-predominant patients","volume":"25","author":"Whitehead, W.E.; Engel, B.T.; Schuster, M.M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Whitehead WE, Engel BT, Schuster MM. Irritable bowel syndrome: physiological and psychological differences between diarrhea-predominant and constipation-predominant patients. Dig Dis Sci 1980; 25: 404-13.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1145","article-title":"Effect of hypnosis on allergic skin responses in asthma and hayfever","volume":"i:","author":"Fry, L.; Mason, A.A.; Pearson, R.S.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Fry L, Mason AA, Pearson RS. Effect of hypnosis on allergic skin responses in asthma and hayfever. Br Med J 1964; i: 1145-8.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/00029157.1977.10403898","article-title":"Control of physiological functions by hypnosis","volume":"20","author":"Erikson, M.H.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Erikson MH. Control of physiological functions by hypnosis. AmJ Clin Hypn 1977; 20: 8-19.","journal-title":"AmJ Clin Hypn"},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"Clinical and experimental hypnosis","author":"Kroger, W.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kroger W. Clinical and experimental hypnosis. Philadelphia: Lippincot, 1979."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/00029157.1973.10403656","article-title":"The use of relaxation and hypnosis in lowering high blood pressure","volume":"16","author":"Deabler, H.L.; Fidel, E.; Dillenkoffer, R.L.; Eider, S.T.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Deabler HL, Fidel E, Dillenkoffer RL, Eider ST. The use of relaxation and hypnosis in lowering high blood pressure. AmJ Clin Hypn 1973; 16: 75-83.","journal-title":"AmJ Clin Hypn"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(75)80273-3","article-title":"Effect of hypnotic suggestion of relaxation on basal and betazole-stimulated gastric acid secretion","volume":"68","author":"Stacher, G.; Berner, P.; Naske, R.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Stacher G, Berner P, Naske R, et al. Effect of hypnotic suggestion of relaxation on basal and betazole-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Gastroenterology 1975; 68: 656-61.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.12.6.452","article-title":"Psychological significance of the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Hislop, I.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hislop IG. Psychological significance of the irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 1971; 12: 452-7.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1068","article-title":"Psychiatric illness and the irritable bowel syndrome: practical implications for the primary physician","volume":"80","author":"Young, J.; Alpers, D.H.; Norland, M.S.; Woodruff, R.A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Young J, Alpers DH, Norland MS, Woodruff RA. Psychiatric illness and the irritable bowel syndrome: practical implications for the primary physician. Gastroenterology 1981; 80: 1068-9.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond, A.S.; Snaith, R.P.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983; 67: 361-70.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"524","article-title":"The role of intestinal gas in functional abdominal pain","volume":"193","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lasser RB, Bond JH, Levitt MD. The role of intestinal gas in functional abdominal pain. N Engl Med 1975; 193: 524-6.","journal-title":"N Engl Med"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6330.1670","article-title":"Functional abdominal pain: further evidence that the whole gut is affected","volume":"284","author":"Moriarty, K.J.; Dawson, A.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Moriarty KJ, Dawson AM. Functional abdominal pain: further evidence that the whole gut is affected. Br Med J 1982; 284: 1670-2.","journal-title":"Br Med J"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.31.8.896","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T08:27:33Z","timestamp":1765614453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.31.8.896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,8]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.31.8.896"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.31.8.896","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,8]]}}}