{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:20:59Z","timestamp":1790713259522,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The study evaluated 48 patients with carcinoma of the oesophagus to assess the optimal number of biopsy specimens required to obtain the highest yield. Eight specimens were obtained from each patient and two specimens were placed serially in each of four vials. The first vial provided a positive diagnosis in 95.8% of cases. The addition of two more specimens (second vial) increased the yield to 97.9% and the fifth and sixth specimens increased the positive yield to 100%. There was no statistically significant difference in the yield according to the site and the type of growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.6.724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"724-726","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Optimal number of biopsy specimens in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the oesophagus."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Lal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D K","family":"Bhasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A K","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N M","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S K","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(82)90009-9","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of biopsy number in the diagnosis of esophageal and gastric carcinoma","volume":"82","author":"Graham, D.Y.; Schwartz, J.T.; Cain, G.D.; Gyorkey, F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Graham DY, Schwartz JT, Cain GD, Gyorkey F. Prospective evaluation of biopsy number in the diagnosis of esophageal and gastric carcinoma. Gastroenterology 1982; 82: 228-31.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"399","article-title":"Direct vision endoscopic cytology and biopsy in the diagnosis of oesophageal and gastric tumours","volume":"21","author":"Prolla, J.C.; Reillay, R.W.; Kironer, J.B.; Cockerhans, L.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Prolla JC, Reillay RW, Kironer JB, Cockerhans L. Direct vision endoscopic cytology and biopsy in the diagnosis of oesophageal and gastric tumours. Current experience. Acta Cytol 1977; 21: 399-403.","journal-title":"Current experience. Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"81","article-title":"Evaluation of endoscopic brush and biopsy touch smear cytology and biopsy histology in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the lower esophagus and cardia","volume":"33","author":"Young, J.A.; Hughes, H.E.; Lee, F.D.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Young JA, Hughes HE, Lee FD. Evaluation of endoscopic brush and biopsy touch smear cytology and biopsy histology in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the lower esophagus and cardia.JT Clin Pathol 1980; 33: 81 1-4.","journal-title":"JT Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"327","article-title":"Kobayashi 5, Nobuyoshi K. Endoscopic cytology of oesophagus stomach and pancreas","volume":"22","author":"Kasugai, T.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kasugai T, Kobayashi 5, Nobuyoshi K. Endoscopic cytology of oesophagus stomach and pancreas. Acta Cytol 1978; 22: 327-31.","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"33","article-title":"Geographical distribution of gastro intestinal cancer in India","volume":"30","author":"Bhansali, S.K.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bhansali SK. Geographical distribution of gastro intestinal cancer in India. IndJf Surg 1968; 30: 33-7.","journal-title":"IndJf Surg"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)32326-1","article-title":"Endoscopic diagnosis of avdanced gastric cancer. Factors influencing yield","volume":"69","author":"Winawer, S.J.; Posner, G.; Lightdale, C.J.; Sherlock, P.; Melamed, M.; Fostner, J.G.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Winawer SJ, Posner G, Lightdale CJ, Sherlock P, Melamed M, Fostner JG. Endoscopic diagnosis of avdanced gastric cancer. Factors influencing yield. Gastroenterology 1975; 69: 1183-7.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"110","article-title":"The endscopic diagnosis of gastroesophageal malignancy: A cytological review","volume":"30","author":"Chambers, L.A.; Clark, W.E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chambers LA, Clark WE. The endscopic diagnosis of gastroesophageal malignancy: A cytological review. Acta Cytol 1986; 30: 110-4.","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"452","article-title":"Endoscopic Suction Cytology in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Malignancy","volume":"32","author":"Bhasin, D.K.; Kochhar, R.; Rajwanshi, A.; Gupta, S.K.; Mehta, S.K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bhasin DK, Kochhar R, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Mehta SK. Endoscopic Suction Cytology in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Malignancy. Acta Cytol 1988; 32: 452-4.","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1133","article-title":"Brush cytology for colorectual cancer","volume":"i:","author":"Bhasin, D.K.; Raiwanshi, A.; Kochhar, R.; Mehta, S.K.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bhasin DK, Raiwanshi A, Kochhar R, Mehta SK. Brush cytology for colorectual cancer. Lancet 1989; i: 1133-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"214","article-title":"Crush smears preparations of gastroesophageal malignancies","volume":"34","author":"Kochhar, R.; Bhasin, D.K.; Rajwanshi, A.; Gupta, S.K.; Malik, A.K.; Mehta, S.K.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kochhar R, Bhasin DK, Rajwanshi A, Gupta SK, Malik AK, Mehta SK. Crush smears preparations of gastroesophageal malignancies. Acta Cytol 1990; 34: 214-6.","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)31770-6","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of fiberendoscopy in the detection of upper intestinal malignancy. A follow up analysis","volume":"73","author":"Dekker, W.; Tytgat, G.N.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dekker W, Tytgat GN. Diagnostic accuracy of fiberendoscopy in the detection of upper intestinal malignancy. A follow up analysis. Gastroenterology 1977; 73: 710-4.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(78)73541-8","article-title":"An evaluation of gastric biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer","volume":"24","author":"Sancho-Poch, F.J.; Balanzo, J.; Ocana, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sancho-Poch FJ, Balanzo J, Ocana J. An evaluation of gastric biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Gastrointest Endosc 1978; 24: 281-2.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"255","article-title":"Evaluation of fibergastroscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. A study of 339 cases","volume":"13","author":"Misumi, A.; Mori, K.; Ikeda, T.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Misumi A, Mori K, Ikeda T, et al. Evaluation of fibergastroscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. A study of 339 cases. GastroenterolJrpn 1978; 13: 255-63.","journal-title":"GastroenterolJrpn"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.16.11.884","article-title":"Importance of the site of endoscopic gastric biopsy in ulcerating lesions of the stomach","volume":"16","author":"Hatfield, A.R.W.; Slavin, G.; Segal, A.W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hatfield ARW, Slavin G, Segal AW. Importance of the site of endoscopic gastric biopsy in ulcerating lesions of the stomach. Gut 1975; 16: 884-6.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"453","article-title":"Gastroscopic biopsy. Reliability of histological diagnosis with special reference to the single biopsy","volume-title":"ScandJ Gastroenterol","volume":"10","author":"Johansen, A.; Sikjaer, B.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Johansen A, Sikjaer B. Gastroscopic biopsy. Reliability of histological diagnosis with special reference to the single biopsy. ScandJ Gastroenterol 1975; 10: 453-8."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.17.5.375","article-title":"Evaluation of specific value of endoscopic biopsies and brush cytology for malignancies of the oesophagus and stomach","volume":"17","author":"Witzel, L.; Halter, F.; Grelillat, P.A.; Scheurer, U.; Keller, M.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Witzel L, Halter F, Grelillat PA, Scheurer U, Keller M. Evaluation of specific value of endoscopic biopsies and brush cytology for malignancies of the oesophagus and stomach. Gut 1976; 17: 375-7.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"246","article-title":"Comparison of brush cytology before or after biopsy of diagnosis of gastric carcinoma","volume-title":"BrJ7 Surg","volume":"66","author":"Keighley, M.R.B.; Thompson, H.; Moore, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Keighley MRB, Thompson H, Moore J, et al. Comparison of brush cytology before or after biopsy of diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. BrJ7 Surg 1979; 66: 246-7."}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.33.6.724","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:25:03Z","timestamp":1763742303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.33.6.724"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.33.6.724"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.33.6.724","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]}}}