{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T19:52:46Z","timestamp":1757620366262,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), the condition resulting from a deficiency of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity, is the commonest form of porphyria. Both acquired and familial form exist and are commonly associated in adults with liver disease and hepatic iron overload. The condition is extremely rare in children; most cases of childhood PCT are familial and some particularly severe cases have been shown to have a hepatoerythropoietic porphyria or homozygous uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency. A case is described of hepatoerythropoietic porphyria in which the disease was first precipitated at the age of two by a coincidental hepatitis A infection and improved as the hepatitis cleared. This paper reviews the evidence that viral hepatitis may precipitate overt PCT in children in a manner analogous to the precipitation of PCT in adults by alcohol associated liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.11.1632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"1632-1634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria precipitated by viral hepatitis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"R J","family":"Hift","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P N","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"58","key":"ref_1","first-page":"1089","article-title":"An inherited enzymatic defect in porphyria cutanea tarda. 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Br J Dernatol 1987; 116: 407-15.","journal-title":"Br J Dernatol"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"617","article-title":"Porphyria cutanee tardive chez une enfant de 4 ans avec deficit en uroporphyrinogene decarboxylase","volume":"41","author":"Cotton, J.B.; Abeille, A.; Jeune, R.; Ladreyt-Ponchon, J.-P.; Grenier, J.-L.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cotton JB, Abeille A, Jeune R, Ladreyt-Ponchon J-P, Grenier J-L. Porphyria cutanee tardive chez une enfant de 4 ans avec deficit en uroporphyrinogene decarboxylase. Pediatrie 1986; 41: 617-27.","journal-title":"Pediatrie"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1982.01650210043016","article-title":"Severe cutaneous porphyria in a 12-yearold boy","volume":"118","author":"Day, R.S.; Strauss, P.C.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Day RS, Strauss PC. Severe cutaneous porphyria in a 12-yearold boy. 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Presse Med 1967; 75: 345-7.","journal-title":"monophosphorique. Presse Med"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"973","article-title":"The early forms of porphyria cutanea tarda. Report of two cases with studies of the enzymatic defect in relatives and precision of the genetic inheritance","volume":"111","author":"Herrero, C.; Muniesa, A.-M.; Lecha, M.; Elder, G.H.; Mascaro, J.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Herrero C, Muniesa A-M, Lecha M, Elder GH, Mascaro JM. The early forms of porphyria cutanea tarda. Report of two cases with studies of the enzymatic defect in relatives and precision of the genetic inheritance. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1984; 111: 973-8."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06388.x","article-title":"Porphyria cutanea tarda in a 2-year-old girl","volume":"90","author":"Kansky, A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kansky A. Porphyria cutanea tarda in a 2-year-old girl. BrJ Dermatol 1974; 90: 213-6.","journal-title":"BrJ Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1159\/000248704","article-title":"Familial porphyria cutanea tarda in a 7-year-old girl","volume":"176","author":"Lambert, D.G.; Beer, F.; Dalac, S.; Hourdain, M.-J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lambert DG, Beer F, Dalac S, Hourdain M-J. Familial porphyria cutanea tarda in a 7-year-old girl. Dermatologica 1988; 176: 202-4.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"51","article-title":"Porphyrie cutan6e dite tardive chez un trisomique 21","volume":"38","author":"Mariani, R.; De Vereuil, H.; Albertini, M.; Lambert, J.M.; Kermarec, J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Mariani R, De Vereuil H, Albertini M, Lambert JM, Kermarec J. Porphyrie cutan6e dite tardive chez un trisomique 21. Arch FrPediatr 1981; 38: 51-4.","journal-title":"Arch FrPediatr"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"205","article-title":"Two cases of infantile and familial porphyria cutanea tarda","author":"Prada, M.J.C.; de Salamanca, R.E.; Hernando, M.V.; Payero, M.L.P.; Beltran, T.C.; Aguilar, A.R.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Prada MJC, de Salamanca RE, Hernando MV, Payero MLP, Beltran TC, Aguilar AR. Two cases of infantile and familial porphyria cutanea tarda. Dermatologica 1980; 161; 205-10.","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1984.tb00824.x","article-title":"Porphyria cutanea tarda in a seven year old child","volume":"25","author":"Rogers, M.; Kamath, K.R.; Poulos, V.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Rogers M,Kamath KR, Poulos V. Porphyria cutanea tarda in a seven year old child. 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Semin Dermatol 1986; 5: 125-37."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1987.tb00784.x","article-title":"Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria","volume":"4","author":"Bundino, S.; Topi, G.C.; Zina, A.M.; Gandolfo, D.'Allesandro; L.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bundino S, Topi GC, Zina AM, D'Allesandro Gandolfo L. Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. Pediatr Dermnatol 1987; 4: 229-33.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermnatol"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"613","article-title":"Is hepatoerythropoietic porphyria a homozygous form ofporphyria cutanea tarda? Inheritance of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency in a Spanish family","volume":"110","author":"Lazaro, P.; De Salamanca, R.E.; Elder, G.H.; Villaseca, M.L.; Chinarro, S.; Jaqueti, G.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lazaro P, De Salamanca RE, Elder GH, Villaseca ML, Chinarro S, Jaqueti G. Is hepatoerythropoietic porphyria a homozygous form ofporphyria cutanea tarda? Inheritance of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency in a Spanish family. BrJ Dermatol 1984; 110: 613-7.","journal-title":"BrJ Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(84)70267-2","article-title":"Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria: a variant of childhood-onset porphyria cutanea tarda","volume":"11","author":"Lim, H.W.; Poh-Fitzpatrick, M.B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lim HW, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB. Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria: a variant of childhood-onset porphyria cutanea tarda.J Am Acad Dermatol 1984; 11: 1103-11.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198703123161101","article-title":"Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria: clinical, biochemical and enzymatic studies in a three-generation family lineage","volume":"316","author":"Tobrack, A.C.; Sassa, S.; Poh-Fitzpatrick, M.; Schechter, J.; Zaider, E.; Harber, L.C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tobrack AC, Sassa S, Poh-Fitzpatrick M, Schechter J, Zaider E, Harber LC, et al. Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria: clinical, biochemical and enzymatic studies in a three-generation family lineage. N EnglJ Med 1987; 316: 645-50.","journal-title":"N EnglJ Med"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"613","article-title":"Enzymatic and immunological studies of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in familial porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria","volume":"36","author":"H, De Verneuil; C, Beaumont; J-C, Deybach; Y, Nordmann; Z, Sfar; R, Kastally","year":"1984","unstructured":"De Verneuil H, Beaumont C, Deybach J-C, Nordmann Y, Sfar Z, Kastally R. Enzymatic and immunological studies of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in familial porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. AmJ HumGenet 1984; 36: 613-22.","journal-title":"AmJ HumGenet"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"54852","article-title":"Characterization of a new mutation (R292G) and a deletion at the human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase locis in two patients with hepatoerythropoietic porphyria","volume":"89","author":"H, De Verneuil; F, Bourgeois; F, De Rooij; PD, Siersma; JH, Wilson; B, Grandchamp","year":"1992","unstructured":"De Verneuil H, Bourgeois F, De Rooij F, Siersma PD, Wilson JH, Grandchamp B, et al. Characterization of a new mutation (R292G) and a deletion at the human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase locis in two patients with hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. Hum Genet 1992; 89: 54852.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01814.x","article-title":"Identification of a new mutation responsible for hepatoerythropoietic porphyria","volume":"21","author":"Romana, M.; Grandchamp, B.; Dubart, A.; Amselem, S.; Chabret, C.; Nordmann, Y.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Romana M, Grandchamp B, Dubart A, Amselem S, Chabret C, Nordmann Y, et al. Identification of a new mutation responsible for hepatoerythropoietic porphyria. EurJI Clin Invest 1991; 21: 225-9.","journal-title":"EurJI Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90358-3","article-title":"Quantitation of red cell porphyrins by fluorescence scanning after thin layer chromatography","volume":"89","author":"Day, R.S.; De Salamanca, R.E.; Eales, L.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Day RS, De Salamanca RE, Eales L. Quantitation of red cell porphyrins by fluorescence scanning after thin layer chromatography. Clin Chim Acta 1978; 89: 25-33.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"897","article-title":"The diagnostic value of blood plasma porphyrin methyl ester produced by quantitative TLC","volume":"9","author":"Day, R.S.; Pimstone, N.R.; Eales, L.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Day RS, Pimstone NR, Eales L. The diagnostic value of blood plasma porphyrin methyl ester produced by quantitative TLC. IntJrBiochem 1978; 9: 897-904.","journal-title":"IntJrBiochem"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"229","article-title":"Immunoreactive uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in the liver in porphyria cutanea tarda","volume":"ii:","author":"Elder, G.H.; Urquhart, A.J.; De Salamanca, R.E.; Munoz, J.J.; Bonkovsky, H.L.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Elder GH, Urquhart AJ, De Salamanca RE, Munoz JJ, Bonkovsky HL. Immunoreactive uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in the liver in porphyria cutanea tarda. Lancet 1985; ii: 229-32.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1992.tb02693.x","article-title":"Porphyria cutanea tarda and human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"31","author":"Blauvelt, A.; Harris, H.R.; Hogan, D.J.; Jiminez-Acosta, F.; Ponce, I.; Pardo, R.J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Blauvelt A, Harris HR, Hogan DJ, Jiminez-Acosta F, Ponce I, Pardo RJ. Porphyria cutanea tarda and human immunodeficiency virus infection. IntJr Dermatol 1992; 31: 474-9.","journal-title":"IntJr Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"155","article-title":"Porphyria cutanea tarda associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. A study of four cases and review of the literature","volume":"183","author":"Boisseau, A.M.; Couzigou, P.; Forestier, J.F.; Legrain, V.; Aubertin, J.; Doutre, M.S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Boisseau AM, Couzigou P, Forestier JF, Legrain V, Aubertin J, Doutre MS, et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. A study of four cases and review of the literature. Dematologica 1991; 183: 155-9.","journal-title":"Dematologica"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"3558","article-title":"Porphyrie cutanee tardive avec recherche positive d'antigene HBs","volume":"7","author":"Arlet, P.; Vinel, J.P.; Duffaut, M.; Gaillemin, C.; Le Tallec, Y.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Arlet P, Vinel JP, Duffaut M, Gaillemin C, Le Tallec Y. Porphyrie cutanee tardive avec recherche positive d'antigene HBs. Nouv Presse Med 1978; 7: 3558.","journal-title":"Nouv Presse Med"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(89)80072-4","article-title":"Genetics and pathogenesis of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase defects","volume":"22","author":"Elder, G.H.; Roberts, A.G.; de Salamanca, R.E.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Elder GH, Roberts AG, de Salamanca RE. Genetics and pathogenesis of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase defects. Clin Biochem 1989; 22: 163-8.","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.11.1632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T06:28:17Z","timestamp":1757312897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.11.1632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,11]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.34.11.1632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.34.11.1632","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,11]]}}}