{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T04:22:31Z","timestamp":1765081351414,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gastric mucosal phospholipids, and in particular those of the surface layer, play an important part in mucosal barrier function. This study examined whether the phospholipid composition of the full thickness gastric mucosa is changed in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis. The phospholipid composition of gastric mucosa from endoscopic biopsy specimens in 28 subjects (eight healthy controls, 12 patients with duodenal ulcer, and eight with chronic atrophic gastritis) was studied. In addition, the phospholipid composition of gastric mucosa was compared with that of duodenal mucosa in 10 patients with duodenal ulcer. As expected phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine prevailed in all three groups. Lysolecithin was the smallest component in the duodenal ulcer and chronic atrophic gastritis groups. The phosphatidylethanolamine value was higher in duodenal ulcer and lower in chronic atrophic gastritis compared with the control group. In chronic atrophic gastritis there was an appreciable amount of phosphatidylglycerol that was not present in patients with duodenal ulcer or in the control group. There was no significant difference in phospholipid composition between antral and duodenal sites in duodenal ulcer patients. In conclusion, the phospholipid composition of gastric mucosa changes in human gastrointestinal diseases but its relation to cellular functions needs further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.4.456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"456-460","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Phospholipid composition of human gastric mucosa: a study of endoscopic biopsy specimens."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Nardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Laccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Civiletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Budillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"Gastric mucosal harrier: hydrophobic lining to the lumen of the stomach","volume":"244","author":"Hills, B.A.; Butler, B.D.; Lichtenberger, L.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hills BA, Butler BD, Lichtenberger LM. Gastric mucosal harrier: hydrophobic lining to the lumen of the stomach. AmJf Physiol 1983; 244: G561-8.","journal-title":"AmJf Physiol"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1800","article-title":"Aspirin (ASA) damages gastric surface mucous cells (SMC) despite maintenance of surface hydrophobicity by 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (PG)","volume":"92","author":"Goddard, P.J.; Kao, Y.C.J.; Lichtenberger, L.M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Goddard PJ, Kao YCJ, Lichtenberger LM. Aspirin (ASA) damages gastric surface mucous cells (SMC) despite maintenance of surface hydrophobicity by 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (PG) [Abstract]. Gasrroenserology 1987; 92: 1800."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.6.5.513","article-title":"Is the apparent hyposecretion of acid by patients with gastric ulcer a consequence of a broken barrier to diffusion of hydrogen ions into the gastric mucosa?","volume":"6","author":"Davenport, H.W.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Davenport HW. Is the apparent hyposecretion of acid by patients with gastric ulcer a consequence of a broken barrier to diffusion of hydrogen ions into the gastric mucosa? Gut 1965; 6: 513-20.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"733","article-title":"Gastric mucosal barrier","volume-title":"Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract","author":"Fromm, D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fromm D. Gastric mucosal barrier. In: Johnson LR, ed. Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. New York: Raven Press 1981: 733-48."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"137","article-title":"Physiology of the digestive tract","author":"Davenport, H.W.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Davenport HW. Physiology of the digestive tract. 5th ed. Chicago, IL: Year Book Publishers, 1982: 137-8.","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6828859","article-title":"Role of surface-active phospholipids in gastric cvtoprotection","volume":"219","author":"Lichtenberger, L.M.; Graziani, L.A.; Dial, E.J.; Butler, B.D.; Hills, B.A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lichtenberger LM, Graziani LA, Dial EJ, Butler BD, Hills BA. Role of surface-active phospholipids in gastric cvtoprotection. Science 1983; 219: 1327-9.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91152-V","article-title":"Phospholipids from rat, human, and canine gastric mucosa","volume":"99","author":"Schmitz, M.G.J.; Renooij, W.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schmitz MGJ, Renooij W. Phospholipids from rat, human, and canine gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1292-6.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"645","article-title":"Distribution of surfactants in the canine gastrointestinal tract and their ability to lubricate","volume":"244","author":"Butler, B.D.; Lichtenberger, L.M.; Hills, B.A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Butler BD, Lichtenberger LM, Hills BA. Distribution of surfactants in the canine gastrointestinal tract and their ability to lubricate. Am]7 Physiol 1983; 244: G645-5 1.","journal-title":"Am]7 Physiol"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"308","article-title":"Effects of 16,16dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on the surface hydrophobicity of aspirin-treated","volume-title":"canine gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 1985; 88","author":"Lichtenberger, L.M.; Richards, J.E.; Hills, B.A.","unstructured":"Lichtenberger LM, Richards JE, Hills BA. Effects of 16,16dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on the surface hydrophobicity of aspirin-treated canine gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 308-14."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90580-E","article-title":"Exogenous surface-active phospholipid protects necturus gastric mucosa against luminal acid and barrier-breaking agents","volume":"100","author":"Kiviluoto, T.; Paimela, H.; Mustonen, H.; Kivilaakso, E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kiviluoto T, Paimela H, Mustonen H, Kivilaakso E. Exogenous surface-active phospholipid protects necturus gastric mucosa against luminal acid and barrier-breaking agents. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: 38-46.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(84)90213-4","article-title":"Effect of lipids and proteins on the viscosity of gastric mucus glycoprotein","volume":"121","author":"Murty, V.L.N.; Sarosiek, J.; Slomiany, A.; Slomiany, B.L.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Murty VLN, Sarosiek J, Slomiany A, Slomiany BL. Effect of lipids and proteins on the viscosity of gastric mucus glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984; 121: 521-9.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"643","article-title":"Gastric mucosal barrier: hvdrophobicity of stretched stomach lining","volume":"248","author":"Hills, B.A.; Lichtenberger, L.M.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hills BA, Lichtenberger LM. Gastric mucosal barrier: hvdrophobicity of stretched stomach lining. Am ] Phvsiol 1985; 248: G643-7.","journal-title":"Am"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"421","article-title":"Does aspirin damage canine gastric mucosa by reducing its surface hydrophobicity?","volume":"252","author":"Goddard, P.J.; Hills, B.A.; Lichtenberger, L.M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Goddard PJ, Hills BA, Lichtenberger LM. Does aspirin damage canine gastric mucosa by reducing its surface hydrophobicity? Am] Physiol 1987; 252: G421-30.","journal-title":"Am] Physiol"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(79)90191-7","article-title":"Molecular species of phosphatidylcholine from rat gastric mucosa","volume":"573","author":"Momtaz, K.W.; Lin, Y.N.; Horowitz, M.I.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Momtaz KW, Lin YN, Horowitz MI. Molecular species of phosphatidylcholine from rat gastric mucosa. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979; 573: 222-6.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)34757-9","article-title":"Lipid composition of the gastric mucous barrier in the rat","volume":"253","author":"Slomiany, A.; Yano, S.; Slomiany, B.L.; Glass, G.B.J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Slomiany A, Yano S, Slomiany BL, Glass GBJ. Lipid composition of the gastric mucous barrier in the rat. ] Biol Chem 1978; 253: 3785-91.","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref_16","article-title":"Phospholipid composition of gastric mucosa and metabolism","volume-title":"of phosphatidylcholine classes [Abstract]. Gastroenterology 1986; 90","author":"Renooij, W.; Schmitz, M.G.J.; Akkermans, L.M.A.","year":"1601","unstructured":"Renooij W, Schmitz MGJ, Akkermans LMA. Phospholipid composition of gastric mucosa and metabolism of phosphatidylcholine classes [Abstract]. Gastroenterology 1986; 90:1601."},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"Gastric mucosal phospholipid concentrations in human patients with gastritis, gastric ulcer","volume-title":"and normals [Abstract]. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 1573","author":"Orchard, J.L.; Bickerstaff, C.A.","unstructured":"Orchard JL, Bickerstaff CA. Gastric mucosal phospholipid concentrations in human patients with gastritis, gastric ulcer, and normals [Abstract]. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 1573."},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Mucosal biopsv of the gastrointestinal tract","author":"Whitehead, R.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Whitehead R. Mucosal biopsv of the gastrointestinal tract. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1979.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"772","article-title":"Ganglioside dependent return of TSH receptor function in a rat thyroid tumor with a TSH receptor defect. Biochem B3iophvs Res Commun","volume":"110","author":"Laccetti, P.; Grollman, E.F.; Aloj, S.M.; Kohn, L.D.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Laccetti P, Grollman EF, Aloj SM, Kohn LD. Ganglioside dependent return of TSH receptor function in a rat thyroid tumor with a TSH receptor defect. Biochem B3iophvs Res Commun 1983; 110: 772-8."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch, J.; Lees, M.; Sloane-Stanley, G.H.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 1957; 226: 497-509.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"255","article-title":"Phospholipids of human gastric mucosa","volume":"22","author":"Nardone, G.; Laccetti, P.; Annunziata, P.; Civiletti, C.; Morandi, M.; Budillon, G.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nardone G, Laccetti P, Annunziata P, Civiletti C, Morandi M, Budillon G. Phospholipids of human gastric mucosa [Abstract]. Itall Gastroenterol 1990; 22: 255."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.8.1002","article-title":"Increased arachidonic acid composition of phospholipids in colonic mucosa from patients with active ulcerative colitis","volume":"28","author":"Nishida, T.; Miwa, H.; Shigematsu, A.; Yamamoto, M.; lida M; Fujishima, M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Nishida T, Miwa H, Shigematsu A, Yamamoto M, lida M, Fujishima M. Increased arachidonic acid composition of phospholipids in colonic mucosa from patients with active ulcerative colitis. Gut 1987; 28: 1002-7.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"175","article-title":"Water repellency induced by pulmonarv surfactants","volume":"325","author":"Hills, B.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hills BA. Water repellency induced by pulmonarv surfactants. J Phvsiol 1982; 325: 175-86.","journal-title":"J Phvsiol"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"523","article-title":"Hydrogen ion diffusion in dog gastric mucus glycoprotein: effect of associated lipids and covalently bound fatty acid","volume":"118","author":"Sarosiek, J.; Slomianj, A.; Takagi, A.; Slomianj, B.L.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Sarosiek J, Slomianj A, Takagi A, Slomianj BL. Hydrogen ion diffusion in dog gastric mucus glycoprotein: effect of associated lipids and covalently bound fatty acid. Biochern BiophysResCommun 1984; 118: 523-31.","journal-title":"Biochern BiophysResCommun"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"561","article-title":"Gastric mucosal barrier: stabilization of hydrophobic lining to the stomach by mucus","volume":"244","author":"Hills, B.A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hills BA. Gastric mucosal barrier: stabilization of hydrophobic lining to the stomach by mucus. AmJ Phvsiol 1985; 244: G561-8.","journal-title":"AmJ Phvsiol"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"681","article-title":"Lipid binding to gastric mucin: protective effect against oxygen radicals","volume":"259","author":"Gong, D.; Turner, B.; Bhaskar, K.R.; Lamont, J.T.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gong D, Turner B, Bhaskar KR, Lamont JT. Lipid binding to gastric mucin: protective effect against oxygen radicals. Am Physiol 1990; 259: G681-6.","journal-title":"Am Physiol"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90064-4","article-title":"Surfactant approach to the gastric mucosal barrier: protection of rats by banana even when acidified","volume":"97","author":"Hills, B.A.; Kirwood, C.A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hills BA, Kirwood CA. Surfactant approach to the gastric mucosal barrier: protection of rats by banana even when acidified. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 294-303.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T02:42:40Z","timestamp":1765075360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.34.4.456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}}}