{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:19:37Z","timestamp":1790799577504,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A cephalic phase of colonic pressure response to food was sought in five normal subjects (mean age (22.6) years, 22-24), studied on six separate occasions by recording intraluminal pressures in the unprepared sigmoid colon. Gastric acid secretion was measured simultaneously by continuous aspiration through a nasogastric tube. After a 60 minute basal period, one of five 30 minute food related cephalic stimuli, or a control stimulus was given in random order; records were continued for a further 120 minutes. The cephalic stimuli were: food discussion, sight and smell of food without taste, smell of food without sight or taste, sight of food without smell or taste, and modified sham feeding; the control stimulus was a discussion of neutral topics. Colonic pressures were expressed as study segment activity index (area under curve, mm Hg.min) derived by fully automated computer analysis. Gastric acid output was expressed as mmol\/30 min. Food discussion significantly (p &lt; 0.02, Wilcoxon's rank sum test) increased colonic pressure activity compared with control or basal activity. Smell of food without sight or taste also significantly (p &lt; 0.03) increased the colonic pressure activity compared with control and basal periods. Sham feeding and sight and smell of food without taste significantly (p &lt; 0.02 and p &lt; 0.03) increased colonic pressures compared with control but not basal activity. The increase in colonic activity after sight of food without smell or taste was not significantly different from control or basal activity (p = 0.44 and p = 0.34). Food discussion was the strongest colonic stimulus tested. Food discussion and sham feeding significantly (p&lt;0.02) stimulated gastric acid output above control and basal values. Sight and smell of food without taste significantly (p&lt;0.02) increased acid output above basal. Smell of food without sight or taste and sight of food without smell or taste did not significantly (p=0.06, p=0.34) increase acid output. In contrast with the effect on colonic pressures, sham feeding was the best stimulus of acid output. Increased colonic pressure activity after food discussion correlated significantly (r=0.45, p&lt;0.02) with gastric acid output. There was no correlation (r=-0.1, p&gt;0.5) between colonic pressure activity and gastric acid output in the control study. These data show that there is a cephalic phase of the colonic response to food.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.4.537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"537-543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cephalic phase of colonic pressure response to food."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Rogers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A H","family":"Raimundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Misiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"228","article-title":"Effect of dietary components on gastrocolonic response","volume":"238","author":"Wright, S.H.; WJ, Jr, Snape; Battle, W.M.; Cohen, S.; London, R.L.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wright SH, Snape WJ Jr, Battle WM, Cohen S, London RL. Effect of dietary components on gastrocolonic response. Am J. Physiol 1980; 238: G228-32.","journal-title":"Am J. Physiol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01308322","article-title":"Inhibition of postprandial colonic motility after ingestion of amino acid mixture","volume":"25","author":"Battle, W.M.; Cohen, S.; WJ, Jr, Snape","year":"1980","unstructured":"Battle WM, Cohen S, Snape WJ Jr. Inhibition of postprandial colonic motility after ingestion of amino acid mixture. Dig Dis Sci 1980; 25: 647-52.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01318368","article-title":"Comparison of intraluminal and intravenous mediators of colonic response to eating","volume":"30","author":"Levinson, S.; Bhasker, M.; Gibson, T.R.; Morin, R.; WJ, Jr, Snape","year":"1985","unstructured":"Levinson S, Bhasker M, Gibson TR, Morin R, Snape WJ Jr. Comparison of intraluminal and intravenous mediators of colonic response to eating. Dig Dis Sci 1985; 30: 33-9.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(82)90312-2","article-title":"The role of opiate receptors and cholinergic neurons in the gastrocolonic response","volume":"82","author":"Sun, E.A.; WJ, Jr, Snape; Cohen, S.; Renny, A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sun EA, Snape WJ Jr, Cohen S, Renny A. The role of opiate receptors and cholinergic neurons in the gastrocolonic response. Gastroenterology 1982; 82: 689-93.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"48","article-title":"The centrifugal (efferent) nerves to gastric glands and the pancreas. In: Thompson WH, transl. The work ofthe digestive glands","volume":"1910","author":"Pavlov, I.P.","unstructured":"Pavlov IP. The centrifugal (efferent) nerves to gastric glands and the pancreas. In: Thompson WH, transl. The work ofthe digestive glands. WH Philadelphia: Charles Griffin, 1910: 48-59.","journal-title":"WH Philadelphia: Charles Griffin"},{"issue":"85","key":"ref_6","first-page":"685","article-title":"Contributions to the physiology of gastric secretion. The vagi as the sole efferent pathway for the cephalic phase of gastric secretion","volume":"1928","author":"Farrell, J.I.","unstructured":"Farrell JI. Contributions to the physiology of gastric secretion. The vagi as the sole efferent pathway for the cephalic phase of gastric secretion. AmJ Physiol 1928; 85: 685-7.","journal-title":"AmJ Physiol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"835","article-title":"Neural and hormonal stimulation of gastric secretion of acid","author":"Grossman, M.I.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Grossman MI. Neural and hormonal stimulation of gastric secretion of acid. In: Code CF, ed. Handbook ofphysiology. Vol II. pp 835-63. Washington DC: American Physiology Society, 1967."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"428","article-title":"Role of thought, sight, smell, and taste of food in the cephalic phase of gastric acid","volume-title":"secretion in humans. Gastroenterology 1986; 90","author":"Feldman, M.; Richardson, C.T.","unstructured":"Feldman M, Richardson CT. Role of thought, sight, smell, and taste of food in the cephalic phase of gastric acid secretion in humans. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 428-33."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.5.634","article-title":"Increased segmental activity and intraluminal pressures in the sigmoid colon of patients with the irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Rogers, J.; Henry, M.M.; Misiewicz, J.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rogers J, Henry MM, Misiewicz JJ. Increased segmental activity and intraluminal pressures in the sigmoid colon of patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 1989; 30: 634-41.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.5.642","article-title":"Fully automated computer analysis of intracolonic pressures","volume":"30","author":"Rogers, J.; Misiewicz, J.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rogers J, Misiewicz JJ. Fully automated computer analysis of intracolonic pressures. Gut 1989; 30: 642-9.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"487","article-title":"Cephalic and gastric phases of the colonic pressure response to food","volume":"100","author":"Rogers, J.; Raimundo, A.H.; Misiewicz, J.J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rogers J, Raimundo AH, Misiewicz JJ. Cephalic and gastric phases of the colonic pressure response to food. Gastroenterology 1991; 100: A487.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"735","article-title":"Cephalic phase of the colonic response to food is not secondary to increased gastric acid output, Gut","volume":"30","author":"Rogers, J.; Raimundo Ana, H.; Misiewicz, J.J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rogers J, Raimundo Ana H, Misiewicz JJ. Cephalic phase of the colonic response to food is not secondary to increased gastric acid output, Gut 1989; 30: A735."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.1.17","article-title":"Twenty four hour manometric recording of colonic motor activity in healthy man","volume":"28","author":"Narducci, F.; Bassotti, G.; Gaburri, M.; Morrelli, A.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Narducci F, Bassotti G, Gaburri M, Morrelli A. Twenty four hour manometric recording of colonic motor activity in healthy man. Gut 1987; 28: 17-25.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"386","article-title":"Human interdigestive motility: variations","volume-title":"patterns from the oesophagus to colon. Gastroenterology 1986; 91","author":"Kellow, J.E.; Borody, T.J.; Phillips, S.F.; Tucker, R.L.; Haddad, A.C.","unstructured":"Kellow JE, Borody TJ, Phillips SF, Tucker RL, Haddad AC. Human interdigestive motility: variations in patterns from the oesophagus to colon. Gastroenterology 1986; 91: 386-95."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.9.1173","article-title":"Colonic mass movements in idiopathic chronic constipation","volume":"29","author":"Bassotti, G.; Gaburri, M.; Imbimbo, B.P.; Rossi, L.; Farroni, F.; Pelli, M.A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bassotti G, Gaburri M, Imbimbo BP, Rossi L, Farroni F, Pelli MA, et al. Colonic mass movements in idiopathic chronic constipation. Gut 1988; 29: 1173-9.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1104","article-title":"Diurnal changes in myoelectrical spiking activity","volume-title":"of the human colon. Gastroenterology 1985; 88","author":"Frexinos, J.; Bueno, L.; Fioramonti, J.","unstructured":"Frexinos J, Bueno L, Fioramonti J. Diurnal changes in myoelectrical spiking activity of the human colon. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 1104-10."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"425","article-title":"Alterations in colonic function in man under stress. II. Experimental production of sigmoid spasm","volume-title":"healthy persons. Gastroenterology 1949","volume":"12","author":"Almy, T.P.; F, Jr, Kern; Tulin, M.","unstructured":"Almy TP, Kern F Jr, Tulin M. Alterations in colonic function in man under stress. II. Experimental production of sigmoid spasm in healthy persons. Gastroenterology 1949; 12: 425-36."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"149","article-title":"The effect of elevated body temperature and of stress on the motility of stomach and colon in man","volume":"34","author":"Misiewicz, J.J.; Waller, S.L.; Fox, R.H.; Goldsmith, R.; Hunt, T.J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Misiewicz JJ, Waller SL, Fox RH, Goldsmith R, Hunt TJ. The effect of elevated body temperature and of stress on the motility of stomach and colon in man. Clin Sci 1968; 34: 149-59.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"40","article-title":"Increased colonic motility during exposure to a stressful situation","volume":"30","author":"Narducci, F.; WJ, Jr, Snape; Battle, W.M.; London, R.L.; Cohen, S.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Narducci F, Snape WJ Jr, Battle WM, London RL, Cohen S. Increased colonic motility during exposure to a stressful situation. DigDisSci 1985; 30: 40-4.","journal-title":"DigDisSci"},{"key":"ref_20","article-title":"Anatomy, regional and applied","author":"Last, R.J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Last RJ. Anatomy, regional and applied. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1978.","edition":"6th ed"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(79)90162-8","article-title":"The gastrocolonic response: evidence for a neural mechanism","volume":"77","author":"WJ, Jr, Snape; SH, Wright; WM, Battle; S, Cohen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Snape WJ Jr, Wright SH, Battle WM, Cohen S. The gastrocolonic response: evidence for a neural mechanism. Gastroenterology 1979; 77: 1235-40.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"98","article-title":"The motility of the pelvic colon following complete lesions of the spinal cord","volume":"1","author":"Connell, A.M.; Frankel, H.; Guttmann, L.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Connell AM, Frankel H, Guttmann L. The motility of the pelvic colon following complete lesions of the spinal cord. Paraplegia 1963; 1: 98-115.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"343","article-title":"Vagal cryointerruption and efferent stimulation effects on colonic motor activity in monkeys","volume":"98","author":"Dapoigny, M.; Zhu, Y.R.; Cowles, V.E.; Condon, R.E.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dapoigny M, Zhu YR, Cowles VE, Condon RE. Vagal cryointerruption and efferent stimulation effects on colonic motor activity in monkeys. GastroenteroloV 1990; 98: A343.","journal-title":"GastroenteroloV"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"590","article-title":"Effect of cephalic stimulation on human small bowel motility and intestinal flows","volume":"32","author":"Raimundo, A.H.; Rogers, J.; Misiewicz, J.J.; Silk, D.B.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Raimundo AH, Rogers J, Misiewicz JJ, Silk DBA. Effect of cephalic stimulation on human small bowel motility and intestinal flows. Gut 1991; 32: A590-1.","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T18:36:36Z","timestamp":1757270196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.34.4.537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.34.4.537","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}}}