{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:10:00Z","timestamp":1791310200230,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The levels of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), in coeliac disease were studied by immunohistochemistry. Jejunal biopsy specimens from patients with untreated disease, (n = 11), treated disease (n = 9), and normal controls, (n = 11) were stained to detect IL-6, TNF-alpha, CD45 (pan-leukocyte), and CD68 (macrophage surface antigen). Positive cells were identified in the epithelium (per 100 enterocytes) and in the lamina propria (per unit area). There was a significant increase in median IL-6 and TNF-alpha staining in both the lamina propria and the epithelium of untreated coeliac disease patients (lamina propria, 16.2 and 13.0 respectively; epithelium, 0.86 and 1.21, all p &lt; 0.05) when compared with treated coeliac disease patients (lamina propria; 6.0 and 6.2, epithelium; 0.60 and 0.60) and controls (lamina propria; 6.5 and 7.5, epithelium; 0.58 and 0.60). A significant increase in the number of CD45 positive cells was found in the untreated coeliac disease lamina propria and epithelium (p &lt; 0.05) but this was accompanied by a significant rise in CD68 positive cells in the lamina propria only (p &lt; 0.05). Increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the lamina propria and epithelium of patients with untreated coeliac disease further supports their role in the immune pathogenesis of this disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.10.1398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"1398-1403","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Raised pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha in coeliac disease mucosa detected by immunohistochemistry."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"R T","family":"Przemioslo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kontakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Nobili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P J","family":"Ciclitira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"Immunocytes, enterocytes and the lamina propria, an immunopathologic framework of coeliac disease","volume":"17","author":"Marsh, M.N.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Marsh MN. 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