{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T09:49:07Z","timestamp":1761126547726,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aetiological role of biliary lithiasis for chronic pancreatitis remains controversial. Previous studies based on pancreatographic studies reported changes in the pancreatic duct system caused by biliary lithiasis. This study analysed retrospectively the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography of 165 patients presenting with biliary lithiasis and of 53 controls. Among the 165 patients, 113 had choledochal stones (53 with gall bladder stones, 50 had had a cholecystectomy, 10 with a normal gall bladder), 35 had gall bladder stones without choledochal stones, 17 had cholecystectomy for gall bladder stones. Pancreatograms were analysed by measuring the diameter of the pancreatic duct in the head, the body, and the tail of the pancreas, and evaluating the regularity of the main pancreatic duct and the presence of stenosis, the regularity or the dilatation of secondary ducts, and the presence of cysts. In addition, we established a score, based on the above parameters, by which pancreatograms were classified as normal or with mild, intermediate, moderate or severe abnormalities. A multivariate analysis (stepwise multiple discriminant analysis) was performed for age, sex, presence of gall stones, presence of choledochal stones. Patients were comparable with controls for sex, alcohol consumption but were younger (55 v 68 years, p &lt; 0.01). In patients and in controls, the frequency of pancreatographic abnormalities increased significantly with age. The pancreatographic features of patients and controls were not significantly different. In the multivariate analysis, age was the only factor with significant predicting value for pancreatographic abnormalities. In conclusion, biliary lithiasis in itself is not an aetiological factor for chronic pancreatitis, older age being responsible for the abnormalities seen by pancreatography of patients with biliary lithiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.5.761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"761-765","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Is biliary lithiasis associated with pancreatographic changes?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Barthet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Affriat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J P","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Berthezene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J C","family":"Dagorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Sahel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02924257","article-title":"Do gallstones cause chronic pancreatitis?","volume":"10","author":"Misra, S.P.; Dwivedi, M.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Misra SP, Dwivedi M. Do gallstones cause chronic pancreatitis? IntJ Pancreatol 1991; 10: 97-102.","journal-title":"IntJ Pancreatol"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"349","article-title":"An evolution of endoscopic pancreatocholangiography in surgical patients","volume":"140","author":"E, Tatsumi S.; S, Yamamoto","year":"1975","unstructured":"Satake K, Umeyama K, Kobayashi K, Mitani E, Tatsumi S, Yamamoto S, et al. An evolution of endoscopic pancreatocholangiography in surgical patients. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1975; 140: 349-54.","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800660705","article-title":"Pancreatograms changes in patients with calculous biliary disease","volume":"66","author":"Axon, A.T.R.; Ashton, M.G.; Lintott, J.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Axon ATR, Ashton MG, Lintott J. Pancreatograms changes in patients with calculous biliary disease. BrJ Surg 1979; 66: 466-70.","journal-title":"BrJ Surg"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.9.1073","article-title":"Pancreatic duct abnormalities in gallstone disease: an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography study","volume":"31","author":"Misra, S.P.; Gulatti, P.; Choudhary, V.; Anan, d B.S.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Misra SP, Gulatti P, Choudhary V, Anan,d BS. Pancreatic duct abnormalities in gallstone disease: an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography study. Gut 1990; 31: 1073-5.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"243","article-title":"Factors affecting the diameters of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography","volume":"38","author":"Neoptolemos, J.P.; Carr-Locke, D.L.; Kelly, K.A.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Neoptolemos JP, Carr-Locke DL, Kelly KA. Factors affecting the diameters of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Hepatogastroenterology 1991; 38: 243-7.","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(89)80132-1","article-title":"The interpretation of retrograde pancreatography in the elderly","volume":"40","author":"Jones, S.N.; Mc Neil, N.I.; Lees, W.R.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jones SN, Mc Neil NI, Lees WR. The interpretation of retrograde pancreatography in the elderly. Clin Radiol 1989; 40: 393-6.","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.25.10.1107","article-title":"Pancreatography in chronic pancreatitis: international definitions","volume":"25","author":"Axon, A.T.R.; Classen, M.; Cotton, P.B.; Cremer, M.; Freeny, P.C.; Lees, W.R.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Axon ATR, Classen M, Cotton PB, Cremer M, Freeny PC, Lees WR. Pancreatography in chronic pancreatitis: international definitions. Gut 1984; 25: 1107-12.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"227","article-title":"Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography. II","volume-title":"The pathological endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram. Gastroenterology 1972; 63","author":"Kasugai, T.; Kuno, N.; Kizu, M.; Kobayashi, S.; Hattori, K.","unstructured":"Kasugai T, Kuno N, Kizu M, Kobayashi S, Hattori K. Endoscopic pancreatocholangiography. II. The pathological endoscopic pancreatocholangiogram. Gastroenterology 1972; 63: 227-34."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.13.12.1014","article-title":"Cannulation of papilla of Vater by endoscopy and retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)","volume":"13","author":"Cotton, P.B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cotton PB. Cannulation of papilla of Vater by endoscopy and retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Gut 1972; 13: 1014-25.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1098203","article-title":"Anatomy of pancreatic duct, a duodenoscopic radiological study","volume":"5","author":"Classen, M.; Hellwig, H.; Rosch, W.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Classen M, Hellwig H, Rosch W. Anatomy of pancreatic duct, a duodenoscopic radiological study. Endoscopy 1973; 5: 14-7.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1148\/118.2.295","article-title":"The normal endoscopic pancreatogram","volume":"118","author":"Verley, P.F.; CA, Jr, Rohrmann; Silvis, S.E.; Vennes, J.A.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Verley PF, Rohrmann CA Jr, Silvis SE, Vennes JA. The normal endoscopic pancreatogram. Radiology 1976; 118: 295-300.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.14.12.962","article-title":"Changes in pancreatic morphology associated with aging","volume":"14","author":"Kreel, L.; Sandin, B.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kreel L, Sandin B. Changes in pancreatic morphology associated with aging. Gut 1973; 14: 962-70.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90419-0","article-title":"Pancreatic lithiasis in the aged. Its clinicopathology and pathogenesis","volume":"86","author":"Nagai, H.; Ohtsubo, K.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Nagai H, Ohtsubo K. Pancreatic lithiasis in the aged. Its clinicopathology and pathogenesis. Gastroenterology 1984; 86: 331-8.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(84)80294-4","article-title":"Incidence and diagnostic significance of minor pathologic changes in the adult pancreas at autopsy: a systematic study of 112 autopsies in patients without known pancreatic disease","volume":"15","author":"Stamm, B.H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Stamm BH. Incidence and diagnostic significance of minor pathologic changes in the adult pancreas at autopsy: a systematic study of 112 autopsies in patients without known pancreatic disease. Hum Pathol 1984; 15: 677-83.","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(89)72760-7","article-title":"Effect of aging on the pancreatic ducts: a study based on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography","volume":"35","author":"Anand, B.S.; Phil, D.; Vij, J.C.; Mac, H.S.; Chowdhury, V.; Kumar, A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Anand BS, Phil D, Vij JC, Mac HS, Chowdhury V, Kumar A. Effect of aging on the pancreatic ducts: a study based on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. Gastrointest Endosc 1989; 35: 210-3.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.11.1392","article-title":"Is tobacco a risk factor for chronic pancreatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis?","volume":"32","author":"Bourliere, M.; Barthet, M.; Berthezene, P.; Durbec, J.P.; Sarles, H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bourliere M, Barthet M, Berthezene P, Durbec JP, Sarles H. Is tobacco a risk factor for chronic pancreatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis? Gut 1991; 32: 1392-5.","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.36.5.761","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T07:13:37Z","timestamp":1757315617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.36.5.761"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.36.5.761"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.36.5.761","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-5749"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-3288"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}}}