{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:51:14Z","timestamp":1784199074361,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND--Endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST) is an established method for controlling and preventing bleeding from oesophageal varices. However, oesophageal varices sclerose easily and require less sessions of EST in some patients while few fail to respond. This study therefore looked at changes in the vascular anatomy of the lower oesophagus and upper stomach that accompany successful sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices. METHODS--Endoscopic ultrasonography was performed in 50 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension before (control, 20 patients) and after successful obliteration of varices with endoscopic sclerotherapy in a group of responders (EST-R, 20 patients) and in a group of non-responders (EST-NR, 10 patients). RESULTS--The median number and size of submucosal veins at the gastrooesophageal junction and in the lower oesophagus were significantly less in the EST-R group compared with control and EST-NR groups (p values between &lt; 0.00001 and &lt; 0.000001). Concomitantly, the number and size of paraoesophageal collaterals were significantly less in the EST-R group compared with the other two groups (p values between 0.02 and 0.00007). Perforating veins were identified in 14 (70%) patients in the control group, nine (90%) in the EST-NR group and in none in the EST-R group (p &lt; 0.001 for both controls v EST-R and EST-R v EST-NR, and p = NS, control v EST-NR). CONCLUSION--Oesophageal variceal sclerosis is associated with significant reduction in the number and size of paraoesophageal collaterals and disappearance of perforating veins in the lower oesophagus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.5.759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"759-764","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Role of paraoesophageal collaterals and perforating veins on outcome of endoscopic sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices: an endosonographic study."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"R K","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Choudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V A","family":"Saraswat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D K","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S R","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Endoscopic sclerosis and esophageal balloon tamponade in acute hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices: a prospective randomized trial","volume":"5","author":"Paquet, K.J.; Seussner, H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Paquet KJ, Seussner H. Endoscopic sclerosis and esophageal balloon tamponade in acute hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices: a prospective randomized trial. Hepatology 1985; 5: 80-3.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198412203112502","article-title":"The Copenhagen esophageal varices sclerotherapy project. Sclerotherapy after first variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"311","year":"1984","unstructured":"The Copenhagen esophageal varices sclerotherapy project. Sclerotherapy after first variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. NEnglJrMed 1984; 311: 1594-600.","journal-title":"NEnglJrMed"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840050410","article-title":"A prospective, randomised controlled trial of chronic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy","volume":"5","author":"Korula, J.; Balart, L.A.; Radvan, G.; Zweiben, B.E.; Larson, A.W.; Kao, H.W.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Korula J, Balart LA, Radvan G, Zweiben BE, Larson AW, Kao HW, et al. A prospective, randomised controlled trial of chronic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy. Hepatology 1985; 5: 584-9.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110303","article-title":"Recurrence factors studied by percutaneous transhepatic portography before and after endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices","volume":"11","author":"Takase, Y.; Shibuya, S.; Chikamori, F.; Orli, K.; Iwasaki, Y.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Takase Y, Shibuya S, Chikamori F, Orli K, Iwasaki Y. Recurrence factors studied by percutaneous transhepatic portography before and after endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices. Hepatology 1990; 11: 348-52.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.24.10.946","article-title":"Factors affecting successful endoscopic sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices","volume":"24","author":"Rose, J.D.R.; Crane, M.D.; Smith, P.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rose JDR, Crane MD, Smith PM. Factors affecting successful endoscopic sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices. Gut 1983; 24: 946-9.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90078-4","article-title":"Development of large spleno-adreno-renal shunt after endoscopic sclerotherapy","volume":"97","author":"Dilawari, J.B.; Raju, G.S.; Chawla, Y.K.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dilawari JB, Raju GS, Chawla YK. Development of large spleno-adreno-renal shunt after endoscopic sclerotherapy. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 421-6.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190310","article-title":"Influence of paraesophageal venous collaterals on efficacy of endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices","volume":"19","author":"Lin, C.-Y.; Lin, P.-W.; Tsai, H.-M.; Lin, X.-Z.; Chang, T.-T.; Shin, J.-S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lin C-Y, Lin P-W, Tsai H-M, Lin X-Z, Chang T-T, Shin J-S. Influence of paraesophageal venous collaterals on efficacy of endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophageal varices. Hepatology 1994; 19: 602-8.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"1442","article-title":"Perforating veins and blood flow in oesophageal varices","volume":"ii:","author":"McCormack, T.T.; Smith, P.M.; Rose, J.D.; Johnson, A.G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"McCormack TT, Smith PM, Rose JD, Johnson AG. Perforating veins and blood flow in oesophageal varices. Lancet 1983; ii: 1442-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.6.3.276","article-title":"The veins of oesophages","volume":"6","author":"Butler, H.","year":"1951","unstructured":"Butler H. The veins of oesophages. Thorax 1951; 6: 276-96.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1159\/000142826","article-title":"Surl angio-architecture veineuse de la zone de transition oesophagogastrique et son interpretation functionelle","volume":"64","author":"Decarvalho, C.A.F.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Decarvalho CAF. Surl angio-architecture veineuse de la zone de transition oesophagogastrique et son interpretation functionelle. Acta Anat 1966; 64: 125-62.","journal-title":"Acta Anat"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800730704","article-title":"Venous anatomy of the lower oesophagus in portal hypertension: practical implications","volume":"73","author":"Kitano, S.; Terblanche, J.; Kahn, D.; Bornman, P.C.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kitano S, Terblanche J, Kahn D, Bornman PC. Venous anatomy of the lower oesophagus in portal hypertension: practical implications. BrJ Surg 1986; 73: 525-31.","journal-title":"BrJ Surg"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080603","article-title":"Threedimensional view of the vascular structure of the lower esophagus in clinical portal hypertension","volume":"8","author":"Hashizume, M.; Kitano, S.; Sugimachi, K.; Sueishi, K.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hashizume M, Kitano S, Sugimachi K, Sueishi K. Threedimensional view of the vascular structure of the lower esophagus in clinical portal hypertension. Hepatology 1988; 8: 1482-7.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"865","article-title":"Portosystemic collaterals in cirrhosis of liver","volume":"20","author":"Hoevels, J.; Lunderquist, A.; Tylen, U.; Simert, G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hoevels J, Lunderquist A, Tylen U, Simert G. Portosystemic collaterals in cirrhosis of liver. Acta Radiol Diagnosis 1979; 20: 865-77.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol Diagnosis"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040514","article-title":"Marions 0, Wiechel K-L. Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices: an endoscopic and portographic study","volume":"4","author":"Soderlund, C.; Backman, L.; Erwald, R.; Forsgren, L.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Soderlund C, Backman L, Erwald R, Forsgren L, Marions 0, Wiechel K-L. Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices: an endoscopic and portographic study. Hepatology 1984; 4: 877-84.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"131","article-title":"CT evaluation of esophageal varices","volume":"148","author":"Bathazar, E.J.; Naidich, D.P.; Megibow, A.J.; Lefleur, R.S.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bathazar EJ, Naidich DP, Megibow AJ, Lefleur RS. CT evaluation of esophageal varices. AJ3R 1987; 148: 131-5."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198008000-00020","article-title":"CT evaluation of esophageal and upper abdominal varices","volume":"4","author":"Clark, K.E.; Foley, W.D.; Lawson, T.L.; Berland, L.L.; Maddison, F.E.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Clark KE, Foley WD, Lawson TL, Berland LL, Maddison FE. CT evaluation of esophageal and upper abdominal varices. Jf Comput Assist Tomogr 1980; 4: 510-5.","journal-title":"Jf Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010453","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasonography","volume":"24","author":"Rosch, T.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rosch T. Endoscopic ultrasonography. Endoscopy 1992; 24: 144-53.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(90)71011-5","article-title":"Assessment of portal hypertension by endoscopic ultrasonography","volume":"36","author":"Caletti, G.C.; Brocchi, E.; Baraldini, M.; Ferrari, A.; Gibilaro, M.; Barbara, L.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Caletti GC, Brocchi E, Baraldini M, Ferrari A, Gibilaro M, Barbara L. Assessment of portal hypertension by endoscopic ultrasonography. Gastrointest Endosc 1990; 36: S21-7.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_19","first-page":"342","article-title":"Value of endoscopic ultrasonography in the management of portal hypertension","volume":"24","author":"Caletti, G.C.; Brocchi, E.; Ferrari, A.; Fiorinos, S.; Barbara, L.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Caletti GC, Brocchi E, Ferrari A, Fiorinos S, Barbara L. Value of endoscopic ultrasonography in the management of portal hypertension. Endoscopy 1992; 24 (suppl 1): 342-6.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"442","article-title":"Ammonia tolerance in the diagnosis of esophageal varices: comparison of endoscopic, radiologic and biochemical technique","volume":"70","author":"Conn, H.O.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Conn HO. Ammonia tolerance in the diagnosis of esophageal varices: comparison of endoscopic, radiologic and biochemical technique. Jf Lab Clin Med 1967; 70: 442-6.","journal-title":"Jf Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)91568-0","article-title":"Histologic correlates of gastrointestinal ultrasound images","volume":"96","author":"Kimmey, M.B.; Martin, R.W.; Haggitt, R.C.; Wang, K.Y.; Franklin, D.W.; Silverstein, F.E.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kimmey MB, Martin RW, Haggitt RC, Wang KY, Franklin DW, Silverstein FE. Histologic correlates of gastrointestinal ultrasound images. Gastroenterology 1989; 96: 433-41.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1148\/66.2.206","article-title":"The portal venous system: on its pathological roentgen anatomy","volume":"66","author":"Doehner, G.A.; Ruzicka, F.F.; Rousselot, L.M.; Hoffman, G.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Doehner GA, Ruzicka FF, Rousselot LM, Hoffman G. The portal venous system: on its pathological roentgen anatomy. Radiology 1956; 66: 206-17.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(82)90191-X","article-title":"Injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices using ethanolamine oleate","volume":"143","author":"Hedberg, S.E.; Fowler, D.L.; Ryan, R.L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hedberg SE, Fowler DL, Ryan RL. Injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices using ethanolamine oleate. Am J Surg 1982; 143: 426-31.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(91)70677-9","article-title":"Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy versus conservative treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and bleeding esophageal varices","volume":"37","author":"Lo, G.-H.; Lin, C.-Y.; Lai, K.-H.; Malik, U.; Ng, W.-W.; Lee, F.-Y.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lo G-H, Lin C-Y, Lai K-H, Malik U, Ng W-W, Lee F-Y, et al. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy versus conservative treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and bleeding esophageal varices. Gastrointest Endosc 1991; 37: 161-4.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.38.5.759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T20:42:01Z","timestamp":1765658521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.38.5.759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.38.5.759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.38.5.759","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]}}}